Isotopes of lead
You don't need to be Editor-In-Chief to add or edit content to WikiDoc. You can begin to add to or edit text on this WikiDoc page by clicking on the edit button at the top of this page. Next enter or edit the information that you would like to appear here. Once you are done editing, scroll down and click the Save page button at the bottom of the page.
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Phone:617-525-6884
Please Take Over This Page and Apply to be Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [2] to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the entire topic or as an Associate Editor-In-Chief for a subtopic. Please be sure to attach your CV and or biographical sketch.
Lead (Pb) has four stable isotopes - 204Pb, 206Pb, 207Pb, 208Pb and one common radiogenic isotope 202Pb with a half-life of ~53,000 years. The standard atomic mass is 207.2(1) u. It is the heaviest discovered element to have a stable isotope. (The more massive 209Bi, long considered to be stable, actually has a half-life of 1.9×1019 years)
Isotopes of lead occurring within the radioactive disintegration chains of actinium, radium, and thorium were known as
- radium G: 206Pb
- actinium D: 207Pb
- thorium D: 208Pb
- radium D, radio-lead or radiolead: 210Pb
- actinium B: 211Pb
- thorium B: 212Pb
- radium B: 214Pb
206Pb being the end of the Uranium/Radium series from U-238.
207Pb being the end of the Actinium series from U-235.
208Pb being the end of the Thorium series from Th-232.
Table
| nuclide symbol | Z(p) | N(n) | isotopic mass (u) | half-life | nuclear spin | representative isotopic composition (mole fraction) | range of natural variation (mole fraction) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| excitation energy | |||||||
| 178Pb | 82 | 96 | 178.003830(26) | 0.23(15) ms | 0+ | ||
| 179Pb | 82 | 97 | 179.00215(21)# | 3# ms | 5/2-# | ||
| 180Pb | 82 | 98 | 179.997918(22) | 4.5(11) ms | 0+ | ||
| 181Pb | 82 | 99 | 180.99662(10) | 45(20) ms | 5/2-# | ||
| 182Pb | 82 | 100 | 181.992672(15) | 60(40) ms [55(+40-35) ms] | 0+ | ||
| 183Pb | 82 | 101 | 182.99187(3) | 535(30) ms | (3/2-) | ||
| 183mPb | 94(8) keV | 415(20) ms | (13/2+) | ||||
| 184Pb | 82 | 102 | 183.988142(15) | 490(25) ms | 0+ | ||
| 185Pb | 82 | 103 | 184.987610(17) | 6.3(4) s | 3/2- | ||
| 185mPb | 60(40)# keV | 4.07(15) s | 13/2+ | ||||
| 186Pb | 82 | 104 | 185.984239(12) | 4.82(3) s | 0+ | ||
| 187Pb | 82 | 105 | 186.983918(9) | 15.2(3) s | (3/2-) | ||
| 187mPb | 11(11) keV | 18.3(3) s | (13/2+) | ||||
| 188Pb | 82 | 106 | 187.980874(11) | 25.5(1) s | 0+ | ||
| 188m1Pb | 2578.2(7) keV | 830(210) ns | (8-) | ||||
| 188m2Pb | 2800(50) keV | 797(21) ns | |||||
| 189Pb | 82 | 107 | 188.98081(4) | 51(3) s | (3/2-) | ||
| 189mPb | 40(30)# keV | 1# min | (13/2+) | ||||
| 190Pb | 82 | 108 | 189.978082(13) | 71(1) s | 0+ | ||
| 190m1Pb | 2614.8(8) keV | 150 ns | (10)+ | ||||
| 190m2Pb | 2618(20) keV | 25 µs | (12+) | ||||
| 190m3Pb | 2658.2(8) keV | 7.2(6) µs | (11)- | ||||
| 191Pb | 82 | 109 | 190.97827(4) | 1.33(8) min | (3/2-) | ||
| 191mPb | 20(50) keV | 2.18(8) min | 13/2(+) | ||||
| 192Pb | 82 | 110 | 191.975785(14) | 3.5(1) min | 0+ | ||
| 192m1Pb | 2581.1(1) keV | 164(7) ns | (10)+ | ||||
| 192m2Pb | 2625.1(11) keV | 1.1(5) µs | (12+) | ||||
| 192m3Pb | 2743.5(4) keV | 756(21) ns | (11)- | ||||
| 193Pb | 82 | 111 | 192.97617(5) | 5# min | (3/2-) | ||
| 193m1Pb | 130(80)# keV | 5.8(2) min | 13/2(+) | ||||
| 193m2Pb | 2612.5(5)+X keV | 135(+25-15) ns | (33/2+) | ||||
| 194Pb | 82 | 112 | 193.974012(19) | 12.0(5) min | 0+ | ||
| 195Pb | 82 | 113 | 194.974542(25) | ~15 min | 3/2#- | ||
| 195m1Pb | 202.9(7) keV | 15.0(12) min | 13/2+ | ||||
| 195m2Pb | 1759.0(7) keV | 10.0(7) µs | 21/2- | ||||
| 196Pb | 82 | 114 | 195.972774(15) | 37(3) min | 0+ | ||
| 196m1Pb | 1049.20(9) keV | <100 ns | 2+ | ||||
| 196m2Pb | 1738.27(12) keV | <1 µs | 4+ | ||||
| 196m3Pb | 1797.51(14) keV | 140(14) ns | 5- | ||||
| 196m4Pb | 2693.5(5) keV | 270(4) ns | (12+) | ||||
| 197Pb | 82 | 115 | 196.973431(6) | 8.1(17) min | 3/2- | ||
| 197m1Pb | 319.31(11) keV | 42.9(9) min | 13/2+ | ||||
| 197m2Pb | 1914.10(25) keV | 1.15(20) µs | 21/2- | ||||
| 198Pb | 82 | 116 | 197.972034(16) | 2.4(1) h | 0+ | ||
| 198m1Pb | 2141.4(4) keV | 4.19(10) µs | (7)- | ||||
| 198m2Pb | 2231.4(5) keV | 137(10) ns | (9)- | ||||
| 198m3Pb | 2820.5(7) keV | 212(4) ns | (12)+ | ||||
| 199Pb | 82 | 117 | 198.972917(28) | 90(10) min | 3/2- | ||
| 199m1Pb | 429.5(27) keV | 12.2(3) min | (13/2+) | ||||
| 199m2Pb | 2563.8(27) keV | 10.1(2) µs | (29/2-) | ||||
| 200Pb | 82 | 118 | 199.971827(12) | 21.5(4) h | 0+ | ||
| 201Pb | 82 | 119 | 200.972885(24) | 9.33(3) h | 5/2- | ||
| 201m1Pb | 629.14(17) keV | 61(2) s | 13/2+ | ||||
| 201m2Pb | 2718.5+X keV | 508(5) ns | (29/2-) | ||||
| 202Pb | 82 | 120 | 201.972159(9) | 52.5(28)E+3 a | 0+ | ||
| 202m1Pb | 2169.83(7) keV | 3.53(1) h | 9- | ||||
| 202m2Pb | 4142.9(11) keV | 110(5) ns | (16+) | ||||
| 202m3Pb | 5345.9(13) keV | 107(5) ns | (19-) | ||||
| 203Pb | 82 | 121 | 202.973391(7) | 51.873(9) h | 5/2- | ||
| 203m1Pb | 825.20(9) keV | 6.21(8) s | 13/2+ | ||||
| 203m2Pb | 2949.47(22) keV | 480(7) ms | 29/2- | ||||
| 203m3Pb | 2923.4+X keV | 122(4) ns | (25/2-) | ||||
| 204Pb | 82 | 122 | 203.9730436(13) | STABLE [>140E+15 a] | 0+ | 0.014(1) | 0.0104-0.0165 |
| 204m1Pb | 1274.00(4) keV | 265(10) ns | 4+ | ||||
| 204m2Pb | 2185.79(5) keV | 67.2(3) min | 9- | ||||
| 204m3Pb | 2264.33(4) keV | 0.45(+10-3) µs | 7- | ||||
| 205Pb | 82 | 123 | 204.9744818(13) | 15.3(7)E+6 a | 5/2- | ||
| 205m1Pb | 2.329(7) keV | 24.2(4) µs | 1/2- | ||||
| 205m2Pb | 1013.839(13) keV | 5.55(2) ms | 13/2+ | ||||
| 205m3Pb | 3195.7(5) keV | 217(5) ns | 25/2- | ||||
| 206Pb | 82 | 124 | 205.9744653(13) | STABLE | 0+ | 0.241(1) | 0.2084-0.2748 |
| 206m1Pb | 2200.14(4) keV | 125(2) µs | 7- | ||||
| 206m2Pb | 4027.3(7) keV | 202(3) ns | 12+ | ||||
| 207Pb | 82 | 125 | 206.9758969(13) | STABLE | 1/2- | 0.221(1) | 0.1762-0.2365 |
| 207mPb | 1633.368(5) keV | 806(6) ms | 13/2+ | ||||
| 208Pb | 82 | 126 | 207.9766521(13) | STABLE [>2E+19 a] | 0+ | 0.524(1) | 0.5128-0.5621 |
| 208mPb | 4895(2) keV | 500(10) ns | 10+ | ||||
| 209Pb | 82 | 127 | 208.9810901(19) | 3.253(14) h | 9/2+ | ||
| 210Pb | 82 | 128 | 209.9841885(16) | 22.20(22) a | 0+ | ||
| 210mPb | 1278(5) keV | 201(17) ns | 8+ | ||||
| 211Pb | 82 | 129 | 210.9887370(29) | 36.1(2) min | 9/2+ | ||
| 212Pb | 82 | 130 | 211.9918975(24) | 10.64(1) h | 0+ | ||
| 212mPb | 1335(10) keV | 5(1) µs | (8+) | ||||
| 213Pb | 82 | 131 | 212.996581(8) | 10.2(3) min | (9/2+) | ||
| 214Pb | 82 | 132 | 213.9998054(26) | 26.8(9) min | 0+ | ||
| 215Pb | 82 | 133 | 215.00481(44)# | 36(1) s | 5/2+# | ||
Notes
- Evaluated isotopic composition is for most but not all commercial samples.
- The precision of the isotope abundances and atomic mass is limited through variations. The given ranges should be applicable to any normal terrestrial material.
- Geologically exceptional samples are known in which the isotopic composition lies outside the reported range. The uncertainty in the atomic mass may exceed the stated value for such specimens.
- Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from systematic trends. Spins with weak assignment arguments are enclosed in parentheses.
- Uncertainties are given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits. Uncertainty values denote one standard deviation, except isotopic composition and standard atomic mass from IUPAC which use expanded uncertainties.
References
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005).
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
| Isotopes of thallium | Isotopes of lead | Isotopes of bismuth |
| Index to isotope pages · Table of nuclides | ||
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
