Intraventricular hemorrhages
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| Intraventricular hemorrhages Classification and external resources | |
 | |
|---|---|
| Brain: Intraventricular Hemorrhage In Newborn: Gross natural color external view of base of brain with blood in fourth ventricle and subarachnoid space. Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology | |
| ICD-10 | I61.5 |
| ICD-9 | 431 |
| DiseasesDB | 6906 |
| eMedicine | ped/2595 |
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Intraventricular hemorrhage (or "IVH") is a bleeding of the ventricles, where the cerebrospinal fluid is produced and circulates through towards the subarachnoid space.
In infants
This type of hemorrhage is particularly common in infants, especially premature infants or those of very low birth weight.[1] The cause of IVH in premature infants, unlike that in older infants, children or adults, is rarely due to trauma. Instead it is thought to result from changes in perfusion of the delicate cellular structures that are present in the growing brain. The lack of blood flow results in cell death and subsequent breakdown of the blood vessel walls, leading to bleeding. While this bleeding can result in further injury, it is itself a marker for injury that has already occurred. Most intraventricular hemorrhages occur in the first 72 hours after birth.[1]
 Brain: Intraventricular Hemorrhage In Newborn: Gross natural color separated cerebral hemispheres with removed septum pellucidum showing ventricle filled with blood |
 Brain: Intraventricular Hemorrhage: Gross natural color blood filled basilar leptomeninges characteristic of external brain appearance with intraventricular hemorrhage |
In adults
Intraventricular hemorrhage is rare in adults[1] and requires a great deal of force to cause. Thus the hemorrhage usually does not occur without an extensive associated damage, and so the outcome is rarely good.[1][1]
Associated conditions
Brain contusions and subarachnoid hemorrhages are commonly associated with IVH.[1] The bleeding can involve the middle communicating artery or the posterior communicating artery.
In both adults and infants, IVH can cause dangerous increases in intracranial pressure, damage to the brain tissue, and hydrocephalus.[1][1]
References
External links
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
