Inferior olivary nucleus
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| Brain: Inferior olivary nucleus | ||
|---|---|---|
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| Microcircuitry of the cerebellum. Excitatory synapses are denoted by (+) and inhibitory synapses by (-). MF: Mossy fiber. DCN: Deep cerebellar nuclei. IO: Inferior olive. CF: Climbing fiber. GC: Granule cell. PF: Parallel fiber. PC: Purkinje cell. GgC: Golgi cell. SC: Stellate cell. BC: Basket cell. | ||
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| Transverse section of medulla oblongata below the middle of the olive. (Inferior olivary nucleus labeled at center right.) | ||
| Gray's | subject #187 781 | |
| Part of | Olivary body | |
| NeuroNames | hier-696 | |
| MeSH | Olivary+Nucleus | |
The inferior olivary nucleus is the largest nucleus situated in the olivary body, part of the medulla oblongata.
It consists of a gray folded lamina arranged in the form of an incomplete capsule, opening medially by an aperture called the hilum.
Emerging from the hilum are numerous fibers that collectively constitute the peduncle of the olive. The axons, also known as olivocerebellar fibers, leave the olivary nucleus, exit through the hilum, and decussate with those from the opposite olive in the raphé.
Then, as internal arcuate fibers, they pass partly through and partly around the opposite olive and enter the inferior peduncle to be distributed to the cerebellar hemisphere of the opposite side from which they arise.
The fibers are smaller than the internal arcuate fibers connected with the medial lemniscus.
Fibers passing in the opposite direction from the cerebellum to the olivary nucleus are often described, but their existence is doubtful.
Much uncertainty exists also with regard to the connections of the olive and the spinal cord.
Important connections between the cerebrum and the olive of the same side exist, but the exact pathway is unknown.
Many collaterals from the reticular formation and from the pyramids enter the inferior olivary nucleus.
Removal of one cerebellar hemisphere is followed by atrophy of the opposite olivary nucleus.
Additional images
 Section of the medulla oblongata at about the middle of the olive. |
 Diagram showing the course of the arcuate fibers. |
 Sagittal section through right cerebellar hemisphere. The right olive has also been cut sagitally. |
External links
This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
