Hospital-acquired pneumonia other imaging findings
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Alejandro Lemor, M.D. [2]
Overview
Bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage is useful to obtain samples for gram stain and culture in patients with certain conditions, such as immunocompromised patients, ICU admission or antibiotic failure.
Bronchoscopy
- Bronchoscopy is used in the diagnosis of pneumonia only in certain cases, such as patients admitted in the ICU, immunocompromised patients, or patients with treatment failure.
- When sputum is not produced or not sufficient for evaluation, bronchoscopic sampling and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is used to collect samples for gram stain and culture.[1]
- Bronchoscopy is particularly helpful in the diagnosis of PCP, as the sputum analysis have a high false-negative rate. [2]
References
- ↑ Mandell, L. A.; Wunderink, R. G.; Anzueto, A.; Bartlett, J. G.; Campbell, G. D.; Dean, N. C.; Dowell, S. F.; File, T. M.; Musher, D. M.; Niederman, M. S.; Torres, A.; Whitney, C. G. (2007). "Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society Consensus Guidelines on the Management of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 44 (Supplement 2): S27–S72. doi:10.1086/511159. ISSN 1058-4838.
- ↑ Pitchenik AE, Ganjei P, Torres A, Evans DA, Rubin E, Baier H (1986). "Sputum examination for the diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome". Am Rev Respir Dis. 133 (2): 226–9. PMID 3484921.