Nutcracker esophagus

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Nutcracker esophagus
Image courtesy of RadsWiki and copylefted


Nutcracker esophagus Microchapters
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Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Nutcracker esophagus from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

Barium Swallow X Ray

Endoscopy

Esophageal Motility Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

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Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

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Case #1

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Synonyms and keywords: Diffuse esophageal spasm; corkscrew esophagus

Overview

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Esophagus	Esophagitis (Candidal) - Boerhaave syndrome - UES (Zenker's diverticulum) - LES (Barrett's esophagus, Mallory-Weiss syndrome) - Esophageal motility disorder (Nutcracker esophagus, Achalasia, Diffuse esophageal spasm, GERD) - Esophageal stricture
Stomach	Peptic (gastric) ulcer - Gastritis (Atrophic, Ménétrier's disease) - Gastroenteritis - Dyspepsia - Pyloric stenosis - Achlorhydria - Gastroparesis - Gastroptosis - Portal hypertensive gastropathy - Gastric antral vascular ectasia - Gastric dumping syndrome

Duodenum/ileum	Peptic (duodenal) ulcer - Duodenitis - Ileitis
Enteritis & colitis/ enterocolitis	noninfective: IBD (Crohn's disease, Ulcerative colitis) - noninfective gastroenteritis infective: Pseudomembranous colitis
Vascular	Abdominal angina - Mesenteric ischemia - Ischemic colitis - Angiodysplasia
Malabsorption	Coeliac - Tropical sprue - Blind loop syndrome - Whipple's - Short bowel syndrome - Steatorrhea
Motility/ functional	Ileus/Bowel obstruction (Intussusception, Volvulus) - Constipation - Diarrhea Functional colonic disease (IBS, Intestinal pseudoobstruction/Ogilvie syndrome)
Rectum/anus	Proctalgia fugax - Anal fissure/Anal fistula - Anal abscess - Rectal prolapse - Proctitis (Radiation proctitis)
Other	Diverticulitis/Diverticulosis - Megacolon/Toxic megacolon - Appendicitis

Liver/hepatitis	Alcoholic liver disease - Liver failure (Hepatic encephalopathy, Acute liver failure) - Cirrhosis - autoimmune (PBC, Autoimmune hepatitis) - Liver abscess - NASH - Fatty liver - Peliosis hepatis - Hepatic veno-occlusive disease - Portal hypertension - Hepatorenal syndrome
Gallbladder	Gallstones - common bile duct (Choledocholithiasis, Biliary dyskinesia) - Cholecystitis - Cholesterolosis - Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses - Postcholecystectomy syndrome
Biliary tree	Cholangitis (PSC, Ascending) - Cholestasis/Mirizzi's syndrome - Biliary fistula
Pancreatic	Pancreatitis (Acute, Chronic, Hereditary) - Pancreatic pseudocyst - Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency - Pancreatic fistula