Dicarboxylic acid
You don't need to be Editor-In-Chief to add or edit content to WikiDoc. You can begin to add to or edit text on this WikiDoc page by clicking on the edit button at the top of this page. Next enter or edit the information that you would like to appear here. Once you are done editing, scroll down and click the Save page button at the bottom of the page.
Dicarboxylic acids are organic compounds that are substituted with two carboxylic acid functional groups. In molecular formulae for dicarboxylic acids, these groups are often written as HOOC-R-COOH, where R is usually an alkyl, alkenyl, or akynyl group. Dicarboxylic acids can be used to prepare copolymers such as nylon and polyethylene terephthalate.
In general, dicarboxylic acids show the same chemical behaviour and reactivity as monocarboxylic acids. The ionization of the second carboxyl group occurs less readily than the first one. This is because more energy is required to separate a positive hydrogen ion from the doubly charged anion than from the single charged anion.
A mnemonic to aid in remembering the order of the common nomenclature for the first six dicarboxylic acids is "Oh my, such great apple pie!" (oxalic, malonic, succinic, glutaric, adipic, pimelic).
When one of the carboxy groups is replaced with an aldehyde group, the resulting structure is called a "aldehydic acid".
Examples
| Common name | IUPAC name | Chemical formula | Structural formula |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oxalic acid | ethanedioic acid | HOOC-COOH | 
|
| Malonic acid | propanedioic acid | HOOC-(CH2)-COOH | Image:Malonic acid.png |
| Succinic acid | butanedioic acid | HOOC-(CH2)2-COOH | Image:Succinic acid.png |
| Glutaric acid | pentanedioic acid | HOOC-(CH2)3-COOH | Image:Glutaric acid.png |
| Adipic acid | hexanedioic acid | HOOC-(CH2)4-COOH | Image:Adipic acid structure.png |
| Pimelic acid | heptanedioic acid | HOOC-(CH2)5-COOH | Image:Pimelic acid.png |
| Suberic acid | octanedioic acid | HOOC-(CH2)6-COOH | Image:Suberic acid.png |
| Azelaic acid | nonanedioic acid | HOOC-(CH2)7-COOH | 
|
| Sebacic acid | decanedioic acid | HOOC-(CH2)8-COOH | Image:Sebacic acid.png |
| Phthalic acid | benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid o-phthalic acid | C6H4(COOH)2 | Image:Phthalic-acid-2D-skeletal.png |
| Isophthalic acid | benzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid m-phthalic acid | C6H4(COOH)2 | Image:Isophthalic-acid-2D-skeletal.png |
| Terephthalic acid | benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid p-phthalic acid | C6H4(COOH)2 | Image:Terephthalic-acid-2D-skeletal.png |
See Category:Dicarboxylic acids for a list.de:Dicarbonsäurenfi:Dikarboksyylihappo
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
