DDX21

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDs	GeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
Location (UCSC)	n/a	n/a
PubMed search	n/a	n/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Nucleolar RNA helicase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DDX21 gene.

Function

DEAD box proteins, characterized by the conserved motif Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp (DEAD), are putative RNA helicases. They are implicated in a number of cellular processes involving alteration of RNA secondary structure such as translation initiation, nuclear and mitochondrial splicing, and ribosome and spliceosome assembly. Based on their distribution patterns, some members of this family are believed to be involved in embryogenesis, spermatogenesis, and cellular growth and division. This gene encodes a DEAD box protein, which is an antigen recognized by autoimmune antibodies from a patient with watermelon stomach disease. This protein unwinds double-stranded RNA, folds single-stranded RNA, and may play important roles in ribosomal RNA biogenesis, RNA editing, RNA transport, and general transcription.

Interactions

DDX21 has been shown to interact with C-jun.

Further reading

• Valdez BC, Henning D, Perlaky L, Busch RK, Busch H (1997). "Cloning and characterization of Gu/RH-II binding protein". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 234 (2): 335–40. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.6642. PMID 9177271.
• Valdez BC, Wang W (2000). "Mouse RNA helicase II/Gu: cDNA and genomic sequences, chromosomal localization, and regulation of expression". Genomics. 66 (2): 184–94. doi:10.1006/geno.2000.6209. PMID 10860663.
• Zhu K, Henning D, Valdez B, Busch H (2001). "Human RNA helicase II/Gu gene: genomic organization and promoter analysis". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 281 (4): 1006–11. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.4446. PMID 11237763.
• Andersen JS, Lyon CE, Fox AH, Leung AK, Lam YW, Steen H, Mann M, Lamond AI (2002). "Directed proteomic analysis of the human nucleolus". Curr. Biol. 12 (1): 1–11. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(01)00650-9. PMID 11790298.
• Westermarck J, Weiss C, Saffrich R, Kast J, Musti AM, Wessely M, Ansorge W, Séraphin B, Wilm M, Valdez BC, Bohmann D (2002). "The DEXD/H-box RNA helicase RHII/Gu is a co-factor for c-Jun-activated transcription". EMBO J. 21 (3): 451–60. doi:10.1093/emboj/21.3.451. PMC 125820. PMID 11823437.
• Valdez BC, Yang H, Hong E, Sequitin AM (2002). "Genomic structure of newly identified paralogue of RNA helicase II/Gu: detection of pseudogenes and multiple alternatively spliced mRNAs". Gene. 284 (1–2): 53–61. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00888-5. PMID 11891046.
• Henning D, So RB, Jin R, Lau LF, Valdez BC (2003). "Silencing of RNA helicase II/Gualpha inhibits mammalian ribosomal RNA production". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (52): 52307–14. doi:10.1074/jbc.M310846200. PMID 14559904.
• Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, Elias JE, Villén J, Li J, Cohn MA, Cantley LC, Gygi SP (2004). "Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101 (33): 12130–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.0404720101. PMC 514446. PMID 15302935.
• Andersen JS, Lam YW, Leung AK, Ong SE, Lyon CE, Lamond AI, Mann M (2005). "Nucleolar proteome dynamics". Nature. 433 (7021): 77–83. doi:10.1038/nature03207. PMID 15635413.
• Yang H, Henning D, Valdez BC (2005). "Functional interaction between RNA helicase II/Gu(alpha) and ribosomal protein L4". FEBS J. 272 (15): 3788–802. doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.04811.x. PMID 16045751.
• Nousiainen M, Silljé HH, Sauer G, Nigg EA, Körner R (2006). "Phosphoproteome analysis of the human mitotic spindle". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103 (14): 5391–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.0507066103. PMC 1459365. PMID 16565220.
• Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M (2006). "Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks". Cell. 127 (3): 635–48. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026. PMID 17081983.
• Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, Li H, Taylor P, Climie S, McBroom-Cerajewski L, Robinson MD, O'Connor L, Li M, Taylor R, Dharsee M, Ho Y, Heilbut A, Moore L, Zhang S, Ornatsky O, Bukhman YV, Ethier M, Sheng Y, Vasilescu J, Abu-Farha M, Lambert JP, Duewel HS, Stewart II, Kuehl B, Hogue K, Colwill K, Gladwish K, Muskat B, Kinach R, Adams SL, Moran MF, Morin GB, Topaloglou T, Figeys D (2007). "Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry". Mol. Syst. Biol. 3 (1): 89. doi:10.1038/msb4100134. PMC 1847948. PMID 17353931.