Ammonium phosphate

Ammonium phosphate - Molar Mass = 149.12g/mol. The normal ammonium phosphate, (NH₄)₃PO₄, is obtained as a crystalline powder, on mixing concentrated solutions of ammonia and phosphoric acid, or on the addition of excess of ammonia to the acid phosphate (NH₄)₂HPO₄. It is soluble in water, and the aqueous solution on boiling loses ammonia and the acid phosphate NH₄H₂PO₄ is formed. Ammonium phosphate is used as an ingredient in some fertilizers as a high source of elemental nitrogen.

Diammonium hydrogen phosphate, or diammonium phosphate, (NH₄)₂HPO₄, is formed by evaporating a solution of phosphoric acid with excess of ammonia. It crystallizes in large transparent prisms, which melt on heating and decompose, leaving a residue of metaphosphoric acid, (HPO₃).

Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, or monoammonium phosphate, NH₄•H₂PO₄, is formed when a solution of phosphoric acid is added to ammonia until the solution is distinctly acid. It crystallizes in quadratic prisms. Monoammonium phosphate is often used in the blending of dry agricultural fertilizers. It supplies soil with the elements nitrogen and phosphorus in a form which is usable by plants. The compound is also a component of the ABC powder in some dry powder fire extinguishers.

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