Abdominoperineal resection
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Abdominoperineal resection of the rectum (AP resection) is a surgical operation to treat usually malignant disease of the rectum or anal canal, and it involves removal of the anus, the rectum, and part of the sigmoid colon along with their draining lymph nodes, through incisions made in the abdomen and perineum. The end of the remaining sigmoid colon is brought out permanently as an opening on the surface of the abdomen, called a colostomy. Fecal matter from the colostomy is collected in a disposable bag that covers the colostomy.
This complex operation is one of the less common performed by General Surgeons, although they are specifically trained to perform this operation. As a consequence of the complexity of this operation and its difficult execution, it has been shown that this operation is performed with fewer complications in "Centers of Excellence," such as academic hospitals where this operation is performed by Colon and Rectal surgical subspecialists in some iteration weekly, if not daily.
The principal indication for AP resection is a rectal carcinoma situated in the lower third of the rectum, within about 5cm of the anal verge. Other indications include recurrent or residual anal carcinoma (squamous cell carcinoma) following initial, usually definitive combination chemoradiotherapy. AP resection includes regional lymph node removal (lymphadenectomy).
Stomata are openings in the body, either natural, such as the mouth, or artificial, such as colostomy. Any hollow organ can be manipulated into a stoma as necessary. This includes the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, ileum, colon, pleural cavity, ureters, and kidney pelves.
External Links
- Abdominoperineal resection of rectum:Operation Script on WikiSurgery
- Abdominoperineal resection of rectum:Information for patients on WikiSurgery
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
