Wilms' tumor natural history, complications and prognosis
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Wilms' tumor Microchapters |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Overview
Natural History
Bilateral tumors might be synchronous (involvement of both sides is simultaneously) or metachronous(involvement of one side follows the other).
Complications
The tumor may become quite large, but usually remains self-enclosed. Spread of the tumor to the lungs, liver, bone, or brain is the most worrisome complication.
High blood pressure and kidney damage may occur as the result of the tumor or its treatment.
Removal of Wilms tumor from both kidneys may affect kidney function.
Prognosis
It is highly responsive to treatment, with about 90% of patients surviving at least five years with appropriate treatment.
Patients with mutations in chromosomes 1q, 11q and 16q have a worse prognosis than those without these mutations.
Survivors of this tumor are at risk for future malignancies especially leukemias and sarcomas arising either due to germline mutations or mutations acquired due to therapy for the primary tumor(Wilms’ tumor).