Waldenström's macroglobulinemia causes: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The exact cause of Waldenström macroglobulinemia has not been identified; however, the diesease has been highly associated with [[somatic]] [[mutations]] in [[MYD88]] and CXR4 | The exact cause of Waldenström macroglobulinemia has not been identified; however, the diesease has been highly associated with [[somatic]] [[mutations]] in [[MYD88]] and CXR4 genes. In addition, possible less common causes of the disease include ''[[Chromosome abnormality|chromosomal abnormalities]]'' and [[Environmental factor|environmental factors]]. | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
=== Genetic Causes === | === Genetic Causes === | ||
*Waldenström Macroglobulinemia is most probably caused by a [[somatic mutation]] in the [[MYD88]] gene seen in 90% of cases | *Waldenström Macroglobulinemia is most probably caused by a [[somatic mutation]] in the [[MYD88]] gene (seen in 90% of cases) or CXR4 gene (seen in 30% of cases).<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal | ||
| author = [[Steven P. Treon]], [[Lian Xu]], [[Guang Yang]], [[Yangsheng Zhou]], [[Xia Liu]], [[Yang Cao]], [[Patricia Sheehy]], [[Robert J. Manning]], [[Christopher J. Patterson]], [[Christina Tripsas]], [[Luca Arcaini]], [[Geraldine S. Pinkus]], [[Scott J. Rodig]], [[Aliyah R. Sohani]], [[Nancy Lee Harris]], [[Jason M. Laramie]], [[Donald A. Skifter]], [[Stephen E. Lincoln]] & [[Zachary R. Hunter]] | | author = [[Steven P. Treon]], [[Lian Xu]], [[Guang Yang]], [[Yangsheng Zhou]], [[Xia Liu]], [[Yang Cao]], [[Patricia Sheehy]], [[Robert J. Manning]], [[Christopher J. Patterson]], [[Christina Tripsas]], [[Luca Arcaini]], [[Geraldine S. Pinkus]], [[Scott J. Rodig]], [[Aliyah R. Sohani]], [[Nancy Lee Harris]], [[Jason M. Laramie]], [[Donald A. Skifter]], [[Stephen E. Lincoln]] & [[Zachary R. Hunter]] | ||
| title = MYD88 L265P somatic mutation in Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia | | title = MYD88 L265P somatic mutation in Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia | ||
| Line 48: | Line 48: | ||
:*[[Chromosomal abnormalities]]: deletions of 6q23 and 13q14, and gains of 3q13-q28, 6p and 18q | :*[[Chromosomal abnormalities]]: deletions of 6q23 and 13q14, and gains of 3q13-q28, 6p and 18q | ||
:*[[Environmental factor|Environmental factors]] including exposure to farming, [[Pesticide|pesticides]], wood dust, and organic solvents | :*[[Environmental factor|Environmental factors]] including exposure to farming, [[Pesticide|pesticides]], wood dust, and organic solvents | ||
:*Chronic immune stimulation and [[autoimmune disorders]] | :*[[Chronic (medical)|Chronic]] immune stimulation and [[autoimmune disorders|auto-immune disorders]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 19:46, 23 January 2019
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Waldenström's macroglobulinemia Microchapters |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Roukoz A. Karam, M.D.[2]
Overview
The exact cause of Waldenström macroglobulinemia has not been identified; however, the diesease has been highly associated with somatic mutations in MYD88 and CXR4 genes. In addition, possible less common causes of the disease include chromosomal abnormalities and environmental factors.
Causes
Genetic Causes
- Waldenström Macroglobulinemia is most probably caused by a somatic mutation in the MYD88 gene (seen in 90% of cases) or CXR4 gene (seen in 30% of cases).[1][2]
Less Common Causes
Less common causes of Waldenström macroglobulinemia may include:[3][4]
- Chromosomal abnormalities: deletions of 6q23 and 13q14, and gains of 3q13-q28, 6p and 18q
- Environmental factors including exposure to farming, pesticides, wood dust, and organic solvents
- Chronic immune stimulation and auto-immune disorders
References
- ↑ Steven P. Treon, Lian Xu, Guang Yang, Yangsheng Zhou, Xia Liu, Yang Cao, Patricia Sheehy, Robert J. Manning, Christopher J. Patterson, Christina Tripsas, Luca Arcaini, Geraldine S. Pinkus, Scott J. Rodig, Aliyah R. Sohani, Nancy Lee Harris, Jason M. Laramie, Donald A. Skifter, Stephen E. Lincoln & Zachary R. Hunter (2012). "MYD88 L265P somatic mutation in Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia". The New England journal of medicine. 367 (9): 826–833. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1200710. PMID 22931316. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Zachary R. Hunter, Lian Xu, Guang Yang, Yangsheng Zhou, Xia Liu, Yang Cao, Robert J. Manning, Christina Tripsas, Christopher J. Patterson, Patricia Sheehy & Steven P. Treon (2014). "The genomic landscape of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia is characterized by highly recurring MYD88 and WHIM-like CXCR4 mutations, and small somatic deletions associated with B-cell lymphomagenesis". Blood. 123 (11): 1637–1646. doi:10.1182/blood-2013-09-525808. PMID 24366360. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Ngo VN, Young RM, Schmitz R, Jhavar S, Xiao W, Lim KH, Kohlhammer H, Xu W, Yang Y, Zhao H, Shaffer AL, Romesser P, Wright G, Powell J, Rosenwald A, Muller-Hermelink HK, Ott G, Gascoyne RD, Connors JM, Rimsza LM, Campo E, Jaffe ES, Delabie J, Smeland EB, Fisher RI, Braziel RM, Tubbs RR, Cook JR, Weisenburger DD, Chan WC, Staudt LM (2011). "Oncogenically active MYD88 mutations in human lymphoma". Nature. 470 (7332): 115–9. doi:10.1038/nature09671. PMID 21179087.
- ↑ Roelandt F. J. Schop, W. Michael Kuehl, Scott A. Van Wier, Gregory J. Ahmann, Tammy Price-Troska, Richard J. Bailey, Syed M. Jalal, Ying Qi, Robert A. Kyle, Philip R. Greipp & Rafael Fonseca (2002). "Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia neoplastic cells lack immunoglobulin heavy chain locus translocations but have frequent 6q deletions". Blood. 100 (8): 2996–3001. doi:10.1182/blood.V100.8.2996. PMID 12351413. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)