Ventricular septal defect echocardiography
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Associate Editor-In-Chief: Keri Shafer, M.D. [2], Atif Mohammad, M.D., Priyamvada Singh, MBBS
Echocardiography along with Doppler color flow mapping act as an important diagnostic tool in identifying ventricular septal defect (VSD). The different types of VSD on Echocardiography have the following features-
- Perimembranous VSD - septal dropout in areas of septal leaflet of tricuspid valve and below right border of aortic annulus.
- Anterior malalignment- appears below the posterior semilunar valve
- Subpulmonary VSD- Appear as ECHO dropout within outflow septum and extending to the pulmonary annulus.
- Inlet AV septal- extends from fibrous annulus of tricuspid valve into the muscular septum
- Muscular defect- can occur anywhere in the septum and could be small, large, single or multiple
ECHO also helps in calculating pulmonary and systemic flow from arterial velocity profile and cross-sectional area of great vessels. [1]
- ↑ Braunwald Zipes Libby. Heart disease: A textbook of cardiovascular medicine, 6th Edition chapter 43 : W.B. Saunders ; . pp 1505