Ventricular remodeling

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Ventricular Remodeling

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Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Ventricular Remodeling From Other Conditions

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Future or Investigational Therapies

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Assistant Editor-in-Chief: Mohammad I. Barouqa, M.D.

Synonyms and keywords: Left ventricular remodeling, LV remodeling

Overview

The Left Ventricle has an enormous ability to respond to any type of stress or pathological process. Such a response includes a complex a wide range of transcriptional, signaling, structural, electrophysiological and functional events of cardiac myocytes as well as other cells within the ventricle.

Ventricular remodeling is classified as Pathological or Physiological.

Historical Perspective

Classification

Ventricular remodeling can be either physiological or pathological. Physiological changes occur in cases of pregnancy, exercise and post-natal growth and considered to be normal, whereas pathological remodeling occur due to cardiac injury and can end up with cardiac arrhythmia and heart failure.

Remodeling has three patterns. Concentric remodeling where there is an increase in relative wall thickness (Ventricular wall thickness compared to cavity size) and with or without increase cardiac mass.This change is noticed in cases of pressure overload.Eccentric Hypertrophy where there is an increase in cardiac mass and chamber volume with relative wall thickness varying between being decreased, the same or increased. This change is noticed in cases of volume overload, after infarction and isotonic exercise. Mixed Concentric and Eccentric changes as in Myocardial Infarction (MI), Where there is a combined volume and pressure overload on noninfarcted areas.

Remodeling can be classified as adaptive or maladaptive.

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Ventricular remodeling from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Future or Investigational Therapies

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