Uremic pericarditis: Difference between revisions

	Uremic pericarditis Microchapters
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History and Symptoms
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Latest revision as of 13:56, 26 November 2019

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Varun Kumar, M.B.B.S.; Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan, M.B.B.S.Amandeep Singh M.D.[2]
Synonyms and keywords:Pericarditis fibrinosa, Uraemic pericarditis, Pericarditis due to uremia, Pericarditis due to uraemia

To go back to the main page on Pericarditis, click here.

Overview

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Uremic Pericarditis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Treatment

Overview | Medical Therapy | Pericardiocentesis | Pericardial Window | Pericardiectomy Template:WH Template:WS

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-{{Pericarditis}}
+__NOTOC__
+{{Uremic pericarditis}}
-{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' [[Varun Kumar]], M.B.B.S.
+{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' [[Varun Kumar]], M.B.B.S.; [[Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan]], M.B.B.S.{{ADS}}<br>
+{{SK}}Pericarditis fibrinosa, Uraemic pericarditis, Pericarditis due to uremia, Pericarditis due to uraemia
-==Overview==
+'''To go back to the main page on Pericarditis, click [[Pericarditis|here]].'''
-[[Renal failure]] if not managed adequately can lead to [[pericardial effusion]] and [[pericarditis]], also known as uremic pericarditis. This is due to build up of metabolic toxins such as [[urea]], [[creatinine]], methylguanidine which cause inflammation of pericardium. With the introduction of [[dialysis]], the incidence of uremic pericarditis has been considerably lowered<ref name="pmid5673609">{{cite journal| author=Bailey GL, Hampers CL, Hager EB, Merrill JP| title=Uremic pericarditis. Clinical features and management. | journal=Circulation | year= 1968 | volume= 38 | issue= 3 | pages= 582-91 | pmid=5673609 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref>.
-Uremic pericaritis can be further divided as:
-#Uremic pericarditis in patients not undergoing dialysis.
-#Uremic pericarditis in patients on maintenance dialysis.
-==Etiology==
+==[[Uremic pericarditis overview|Overview]]==
-#Absence of [[dialysis]] in renal failure
-#Inadequate dialysis in renal failure
-#Volume overload during dialysis
-#Infections
-==Pathophysiology==
+==[[Uremic pericarditis pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
-The pathophysiology of uremic pericarditis is not fully understood. However, there is a correlation observed with levels of [[blood urea nitrogen]](usually >60 mg/dL) and [[creatinine]]. In [[renal failure]], the absence or inadequate [[dialysis]] can lead to accumulation of these toxins in the body which may cause inflammation of [[pericardium]] and development of adhesions between the two pericardial layers.
+==[[Uremic pericarditis causes|Causes]]==
+==[[Pericarditis differential diagnosis|Differentiating Uremic Pericarditis from other Diseases]]==
-Patients undergoing dialysis may also develop [[pericarditis]]. In a series, 13% of patients undergoing hemodialysis developed pericarditis<ref name="pmid3605080">{{cite journal| author=Rutsky EA, Rostand SG| title=Treatment of uremic pericarditis and pericardial effusion. | journal=Am J Kidney Dis | year= 1987 | volume= 10 | issue= 1 | pages= 2-8 | pmid=3605080 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3605080  }} </ref>
+==[[Uremic pericarditis epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
+==[[Uremic pericarditis natural history|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
-Uremic pericarditis can occur as serous or hemorrhagic effusion with considerable overlapping. Hemorrhagic effusions are more common secondary to uremia induced platelet dysfunction and the use of [[anticoagulation]] during [[hemodialysis]].
+==Diagnosis==
+[[Uremic pericarditis history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Uremic pericarditis physical examination|Physical Examination]] |  [[Pericarditis laboratory studies|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Uremic pericarditis electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Uremic pericarditis chest X ray|Chest X ray]] | [[Uremic pericarditis echocardiography|Echocardiography]] |  [[Pericarditis CT|CT]] | [[Pericarditis MRI|MRI]] | [[Uremic pericarditis cardiac catheterization|Cardiac Catheterization]]
-[[Dialysis]] associated pericarditis may also be secondary to volume overload and bacterial or viral infections<ref name="pmid11172559">{{cite journal| author=Gunukula SR, Spodick DH| title=Pericardial disease in renal patients. | journal=Semin Nephrol | year= 2001 | volume= 21 | issue= 1 | pages= 52-6 | pmid=11172559 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11172559  }} </ref>.
+==Treatment==
+[[Uremic pericarditis treatment|Overview]] | [[Pericarditis treatment|Medical Therapy]] | [[Pericardiocentesis]] | [[Pericardial window|Pericardial Window]] | [[Pericardiectomy]]
-Presence of a large pericardial effusion that persists for >10 days after intensive dialysis has a high likelihood of development of [[cardiac tamponade]]
+{{WH}}
+{{WS}}
-==History and symptoms==
-Patients may present with the following symptoms:
-*[[Fever]]
-*[[Chest pain]] that improves on leaning forward and worsens on inspiration
-*[[Breathlessness]]
-*[[Dizziness]]
-*[[Malaise]]
-*[[Ankle edema]]
-==Physical examination==
-Patients present with [[fever]], [[cachexia]] and varying degrees of [[consciousness]].
-'''Vitals:''' [[Hypotension]], [[pulsus paradoxus]] (in [[cardiac tamponade]]). Heart rate may be slow due to autonomic impairment or [[arrhythmia]] may be present due to [[electrolyte]] imbalance
-'''Neck:''' [[Jugular venous distension]] with a prominent Y descent and [[Kussmaul's sign]]
-'''Chest:''' [[Ewart's sign]] in presence of effusion, pericardial knock, [[pericardial rub]](heard best while leaning forwards) and distant [[heart sounds]]
-'''Abdomen:''' [[Hepatomegaly]], [[ascites]]
-'''Extremities:''' [[Ankle edema]]
-==References==
-{{reflist|2}}
 [[Category:Cardiology]]
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 [[Category:Nephrology]]
 [[Category:Diseases involving the fasciae]]
+[[Category:Disease]]
-{{WH}}
+[[Category:Best pages]]
-{{WS}}
+[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
+[[Category:Up-To-Date cardiology]]