Tuberculous pericarditis epidemiology and demographics

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Varun Kumar, M.B.B.S.; Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan, M.B.B.S.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Prevalence

• The prevalence of tuberculous pericarditis is approximately 1-2% of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate

• In [year], the incidence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals with a case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [number range]%.
• The case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [disease name] is approximately [number range].

Age

• Patients of all age groups may develop tuberculous pericarditis.
• The incidence of tuberculous pericarditis increases with age.
• Tuberculous pericarditis commonly affects elderly

Race

• Tuberculous pericarditis usually affects individuals of the black race.

Gender

• Men are more commonly affected by tuberculous pericarditis than female.

Region

• Since the prevalence of tuberculous pericarditis may follow tuberculosis prevalence, The majority of tuberculous pericarditis cases are reported in:
  • South Africa
    • The incidence of tuberculosis in South Africa is 834 per 100,000 of the overall population.
    • The mortality of tuberculosis (excluding HIV-TB coinfection) in South Africa is 46 per 100,000 of the overall population.
  • Indonesia
    • The incidence of tuberculosis in Indonesia is 395 per 100,000 of the overall population.
    • The mortality of tuberculosis (excluding HIV-TB coinfection) in Indonesia is 40 per 100,000 of the overall population.
  • Nigeria
    • The incidence of tuberculosis in Nigeria is 322 per 100,000 of the overall population.
    • The mortality of tuberculosis (excluding HIV-TB coinfection) in Nigeria is 99 per 100,000 of the overall population.
  • Pakistan
    • The incidence of tuberculosis in Pakistan is 270 per 100,000 of the overall population.
    • The mortality of tuberculosis (excluding HIV-TB coinfection) in Pakistan is 23 per 100,000 of the overall population.
  • India
    • The incidence of tuberculosis in India is 217 per 100,000 of the overall population.
    • The mortality of tuberculosis (excluding HIV-TB coinfection) in India is 36 per 100,000 of the overall population.
  • China
    • The incidence of tuberculosis in China is 67 per 100,000 of the overall population.
    • The mortality of tuberculosis (excluding HIV-TB coinfection) in China is 2.6 per 100,000 of the overall population.

Developed Countries

• After the resurgence of TB in the mid-1980s, the number of case counts steadily increased, peaking in 1992.
• Since the 1992 TB resurgence peak in the United States, the number of TB cases reported has decreased annually.
• The year 2014 marked the twenty-second year of decline in the total number of TB cases reported in the United States since the peak of the resurgence.
• In 2014, a total of 9,421 cases were reported from the 50 states and the District of Columbia (DC).
• This represented a decline of 1.5% from 2013.
• The number of cases per 100,000 in 2013 and 2014 has been stable at a rate of 3.0.

Image 1 - Reported TB Cases United States, 1982–2014- Center for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)

Image 2 - TB Case Rates,* United States, 2014- Center for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)