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| ==Historical Perspective== | | ==Historical Perspective== |
| * The existence of Tropical sprue appears to have been recognized initially in India around 2000 years ago by Baraka, who referred to it as "Grahani Vyadhi".<ref name="pmid5444177">{{cite journal| author=| title=Regarding the definition of tropical sprue. | journal=Gastroenterology | year= 1970 | volume= 58 | issue= 5 | pages= 717-21 | pmid=5444177 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=5444177 }} </ref>
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| * The first description of this disorder by William Hillary (Physician and Meteorologist) from West Indies in the medical literature appeared in 1759 in a report from the island of Barbados where it was called "Apthoides Chronica" because of the presence of oral lesions.<ref name="Cook1984">{{cite journal|last1=Cook|first1=G.C.|title=AETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS OF POSTINFECTIVE TROPICAL MALABSORPTION (TROPICAL SPRUE)|journal=The Lancet|volume=323|issue=8379|year=1984|pages=721–723|issn=01406736|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(84)92231-1}}</ref>
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| * After 1815, many descriptions of an apparently similar disease originated from other areas of the tropics such as India, Southeast Asia, China, Java, and the Philippines.
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| * Although it was named differently in different reports, the clinical descriptions were similar and by the geographical distribution and clinical manifestations was referred to as "Tropical sprue" by Manson in China in 1880.
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| * Different names for TS include:<ref name="pmid5675861">{{cite journal| author=Baker SJ, Mathan VI| title=Syndrome of tropical sprue in South India. | journal=Am J Clin Nutr | year= 1968 | volume= 21 | issue= 9 | pages= 984-93 | pmid=5675861 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=5675861 }} </ref>
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| ** Sprue- Manson, 1880.
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| ** Chronic non-specific diarrhea- Madras State Health Records.
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| ** Parasprue- Napier, 1943.
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| ** [[Vitamin B deficiency]] allied to sprue- Cook, 1944.
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| ** Dietetic deficiency syndrome- Walters, 1947.
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| ** Idiopathic tropical [[steatorrhea]]- Baker, 1957.
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| * Investigations conducted Dr. Baker established the fact that the disorder primarily involves the GI tract and the development of nutritional deficiencies varies according to the nutritional status of the individual prior to epidemic TS and duration of [[malabsorption]] due to TS.
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| * Pathological alterations of the villous structure were described in 1915.
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| * Garrison (1929), Major (1939), Wintrobe (1961), Badenoch (1960) and Wells (1962) contributed to some important notes on TS.
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| * With the advent of World War 2 further work on the TS has lead to the recognition that certain nutritional deficiencies associated with this disorder in the tropics were related to the duration of the illness.
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| * During that time, the criteria for the diagnosis of TS were identified.
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| * Many studies further have led to a vast increase in the knowledge of TS.
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| * Klipstein in 1971 described TS and modification was done by Cook in 1984.<ref name="Lim2001">{{cite journal|last1=Lim|first1=Matthew L.|title=A perspective on tropical sprue|journal=Current Gastroenterology Reports|volume=3|issue=4|year=2001|pages=322–327|issn=1522-8037|doi=10.1007/s11894-001-0055-y}}</ref>
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| ==References== | | ==References== |