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| ==Overview== | | ==Overview== |
| Tropical sprue must be differentiated from [[celiac disease]], chronic [[diarrhea]], [[Clonorchiasis]], traveler's [[diarrhea]], and [[whipworm]].
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| ==Differentiating Tropical sprue from other Diseases== | | ==Differentiating Tropical sprue from other Diseases== |
| {| border="1"
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| '''Differentiating Tropical sprue from other causes of Tropical malabsorption'''
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| ! colspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; text-align: center;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Causes}}
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| !colspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; text-align: center;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Pathophysiology and Histology}}
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| !Fever
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| !Vomiting
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| !colspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; text-align: center;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Acute diarrhea}}
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| !colspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; text-align: center;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Traveller's diarrhea}}
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| !colspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; text-align: center;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Chronic diarrhea}}
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| !colspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; text-align: center;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Malabsorption}}
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| !colspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; text-align: center;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Steatorrhoea}}
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| !colspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; text-align: center;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Diagnosis}}
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| !colspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; text-align: center;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Confirmatory tests}}
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| !colspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; text-align: center;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Associations}}
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" |Tropical sprue
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| !
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| !
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| !
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| !
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| ! colspan="2" |Tropical Enteropathy
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| !Increased mucosal permeability, shorter villi, elongated crypts and increased lymphocytes in the lamina propria
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| !
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| !
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| !
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| !
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| !Subclinical
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| !
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| !
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| !
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| |-
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| ! rowspan="4" | '''Infectious'''
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| !Protozoal
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| *
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| *
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| |-
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| !Helminths
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| !
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| !
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| !
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| !
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| !Bacterial
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| !
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| |-
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| !Viral
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| !
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| !
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| !
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| ! rowspan="3" |Inflammatory and Immune mediated
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| !Crohn's disease
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| !Decreased small intestinal absorptive surface area
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| !Ulcerative colitis
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| !Coeliac sprue<ref name="pmid24889052">{{cite journal| author=Langenberg MC, Wismans PJ, van Genderen PJ| title=Distinguishing tropical sprue from celiac disease in returning travellers with chronic diarrhoea: a diagnostic challenge? | journal=Travel Med Infect Dis | year= 2014 | volume= 12 | issue= 4 | pages= 401-5 | pmid=24889052 | doi=10.1016/j.tmaid.2014.05.001 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24889052 }} </ref>
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| !Complete villous atrophy of the jejunal mucosa
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| |Antiendomysial and tissue transglutaminase antibodies
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| |Clinical and histological response to gluten withdrawal.
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| |-
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| !Malignant
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| !Intestinal Lymphoma
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| !
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| !
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| ! colspan="2" |Pancreatic disease
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| !
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| ! colspan="2" |Post Infective-Irritable bowel syndrome.<ref name="GhoshalRanjan2011">{{cite journal|last1=Ghoshal|first1=Uday C|last2=Ranjan|first2=Prabhat|title=Post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome: The past, the present and the future|journal=Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology|volume=26|year=2011|pages=94–101|issn=08159319|doi=10.1111/j.1440-1746.2011.06643.x}}</ref>
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| !Following acute gastroenteritis, genetic susceptibility, change in gut flora, altered small intestinal permeability and sensory motor function
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| !✔
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| !✔
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| !
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| |✔
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| |Positive stool culture
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| |-
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| |}
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| ===Chronic diarrhea===
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| * Tropical sprue
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| * Ulcerative Colitis,
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| * Crohn's disease
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| * Diarrhea, chronic responsive to antiparasitic drugs
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| * Diarrhea, chronic unknown
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| * Inflammatory bowel disease, new onset post-travel (Crohn or ulcerative colitis)
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| * Irritable bowel syndrome
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| * Irritable bowel syndrome, post infectious
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| * Lactose intolerance, post infectious
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| * Malabsorption
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| ===Acute diarrhea===
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| * E. coli
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| * Clostridium difficile-associated disease
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| * Campylobacter
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| * Cholera (toxigenic Vibrio cholerae)
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| * Cryptosporidium
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| * Cyclospora
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| * Diarrhea, acute bacterial
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| * Diarrhea, acute parasitic
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| * Diarrhea, acute unspecified
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| * Diarrhea, acute viral
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| * Dysentery, acute unspecified
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| * Entamoeba histolytica, ameba
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| * E. histolytica, diarrhea
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| * E. histolytica, dysentery
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| * Food poisoning
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| * Gastroenteritis
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| * Giardia
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| * Isospora
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| * Noncholera Vibrio
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| * Salmonella, other
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| * Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli
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| * Shigella, S. boydii
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| * Shigella, S. dysenteriae
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| * Shigella, S. flexneri
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| The following diseases have a similar presentation to tropical sprue.
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| * [[Celiac Disease]]
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| * Chronic [[diarrhea]]
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| * [[Clonorchiasis]]
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| * Traveler's [[diarrhea]]
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| * [[Whipworm]]
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| ==References== | | ==References== |