Tissue factor pathway inhibitor
| Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (lipoprotein-associated coagulation inhibitor) | |||||||||||
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 PDB rendering based on 1adz. | |||||||||||
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| Symbols | TFPI ; TFI; EPI; LACI | ||||||||||
| External IDs | Template:OMIM5 Template:MGI HomoloGene: 4579 | ||||||||||
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| Species | Human | Mouse | |||||||||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (or TFPI) is a single-chain polypeptide which can reversibly inhibit Factor Xa (Xa). While Xa is inhibited, the Xa-TFPI complex can subsequently also inhibit the FVIIa-TF complex. TFPI contributes significantly to the inhibition of Xa in vivo, despite being present at concentrations of only 2.5nM.
Genetics
The gene for TFPI is located on chromosome 2q31-q32.1, and has nine exons which span 70kb. The gene has not been completely sequenced yet. A similar gene, termed TFPI2, has been identified on chromosome 7q22; in addition to TFPI activity, its product also has retinal pigment epithelial cell growth-promoting properties.
Protein structure
TFPI has a relative molecular mass of 34000 to 40000 depending on the degree of proteolysis of the C-terminal region.
See also
External links
- Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) 152310 (TFPI1), Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) 600033 (TFPI2)
References
Further reading
- Broze GJ, Girard TJ, Novotny WF (1991). "Regulation of coagulation by a multivalent Kunitz-type inhibitor". Biochemistry. 29 (33): 7539–46. PMID 2271516.
- McVey JH (2000). "Tissue factor pathway". Baillieres Best Pract. Res. Clin. Haematol. 12 (3): 361–72. PMID 10856975.
- Bajaj MS, Birktoft JJ, Steer SA, Bajaj SP (2002). "Structure and biology of tissue factor pathway inhibitor". Thromb. Haemost. 86 (4): 959–72. PMID 11686353.
- Witt I (2002). "[Tissue factor pathway inhibitor: biochemistry, molecular biology, physiology and physiopathology]". Hamostaseologie. 22 (2): 30–5. doi:10.1267/Hamo02020071. PMID 12193974.
- Lwaleed BA, Bass PS (2006). "Tissue factor pathway inhibitor: structure, biology and involvement in disease". J. Pathol. 208 (3): 327–39. doi:10.1002/path.1871. PMID 16261634.
- Van der Logt CP, Kluck PM, Wiegant J; et al. (1992). "Refined regional assignment of the human tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) gene to chromosome band 2q32 by non-isotopic in situ hybridization". Hum. Genet. 89 (5): 577–8. PMID 1353057.
- Higuchi DA, Wun TC, Likert KM, Broze GJ (1992). "The effect of leukocyte elastase on tissue factor pathway inhibitor". Blood. 79 (7): 1712–9. PMID 1558967.
- van der Logt CP, Reitsma PH, Bertina RM (1991). "Intron-exon organization of the human gene coding for the lipoprotein-associated coagulation inhibitor: the factor Xa dependent inhibitor of the extrinsic pathway of coagulation". Biochemistry. 30 (6): 1571–7. PMID 1993173.
- Girard TJ, Eddy R, Wesselschmidt RL; et al. (1991). "Structure of the human lipoprotein-associated coagulation inhibitor gene. Intro/exon gene organization and localization of the gene to chromosome 2". J. Biol. Chem. 266 (8): 5036–41. PMID 2002045.
- Wun TC, Kretzmer KK, Girard TJ; et al. (1988). "Cloning and characterization of a cDNA coding for the lipoprotein-associated coagulation inhibitor shows that it consists of three tandem Kunitz-type inhibitory domains". J. Biol. Chem. 263 (13): 6001–4. PMID 2452157.
- Novotny WF, Girard TJ, Miletich JP, Broze GJ (1989). "Purification and characterization of the lipoprotein-associated coagulation inhibitor from human plasma". J. Biol. Chem. 264 (31): 18832–7. PMID 2553722.
- Girard TJ, Warren LA, Novotny WF; et al. (1989). "Identification of the 1.4 kb and 4.0 kb messages for the lipoprotein associated coagulation inhibitor and expression of the encoded protein". Thromb. Res. 55 (1): 37–50. PMID 2781520.
- Girard TJ, Warren LA, Novotny WF; et al. (1989). "Functional significance of the Kunitz-type inhibitory domains of lipoprotein-associated coagulation inhibitor". Nature. 338 (6215): 518–20. doi:10.1038/338518a0. PMID 2927510.
- Broze GJ, Miletich JP (1987). "Characterization of the inhibition of tissue factor in serum". Blood. 69 (1): 150–5. PMID 3024756.
- Broze GJ, Warren LA, Novotny WF; et al. (1988). "The lipoprotein-associated coagulation inhibitor that inhibits the factor VII-tissue factor complex also inhibits factor Xa: insight into its possible mechanism of action". Blood. 71 (2): 335–43. PMID 3422166.
- Rao LV, Rapaport SI (1987). "Studies of a mechanism inhibiting the initiation of the extrinsic pathway of coagulation". Blood. 69 (2): 645–51. PMID 3492226.
- Stubbs MT, Huber R, Bode W (1996). "Crystal structures of factor Xa specific inhibitors in complex with trypsin: structural grounds for inhibition of factor Xa and selectivity against thrombin". FEBS Lett. 375 (1–2): 103–7. PMID 7498454.
- Warshawsky I, Bu G, Mast A; et al. (1995). "The carboxy terminus of tissue factor pathway inhibitor is required for interacting with hepatoma cells in vitro and in vivo". J. Clin. Invest. 95 (4): 1773–81. PMID 7706485.
- Broze GJ, Lange GW, Duffin KL, MacPhail L (1995). "Heterogeneity of plasma tissue factor pathway inhibitor". Blood Coagul. Fibrinolysis. 5 (4): 551–9. PMID 7841311.