Thymic carcinoma epidemiology

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: , Marjan Khan M.B.B.S.[2]

Overview

The prevalence of thymic carcinoma is approximately 0.00006 per 100,000 individuals worldwide. Males are more commonly affected with thymic carcinoma than females. The male to female ratio is approximately 3 to 1. It is more common in Asians and African Americans than in Caucasians. Thymic malignancies are relatively rare in the range of 0.2% to 1.5% of all malignancies or 0.13 per 100,000 person-years in the United States. Thymic malignancies are among the most common mediastinal primary tumors with up to 50% of anterior mediastinal masses proving to be of thymic descent. Invasive thymomas and thymic carcinomas are relatively rare tumors, which together represent about 0.2% to 1.5% of all malignancies.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Prevalence

  • Thymic malignancies are relatively rare in the range of 0.2% to 1.5% of all malignancies or 0.13 per 100,000 person-years in the United States
  • Thymic malignancies are among the most common mediastinal primary tumors with up to 50% of anterior mediastinal masses proving to be of thymic descent.
  • Invasive thymomas and thymic carcinomas are relatively rare tumors, which together represent about 0.2% to 1.5% of all malignancies.[1]
  • Thymic carcinoma are rare and have been reported to account for only 0.06% of all thymic neoplasms.

Age

  • The risk of thymic carcinoma increases with age.[1]
  • Thymic carcinoma is uncommon in children, it is seen more often in middle-aged adults.
  • Thymic carcinoma commonly affects individuals between 40-60 years of age.

Gender

  • Males have a slightly higher risk of developing thymic malignancies than females, and the risk rises with age, reaching a peak in the seventh decade of life, which is in direct contrast to the progressive involution of the thymus with age.
  • Males are more commonly affected with thymic carcinoma than females. The male to female ratio is approximately 3 to 1.

Race

  • It is more common in Asians and African Americans than in Caucasians.

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 National Cancer Institute. General Information About Thymoma and Thymic Carcinoma Treatment. http://www.cancer.gov/types/thymoma/hp/thymoma-treatment-pdq. Accessed on 22nd December, 2015.