View source for Testis expressed 15

{{Infobox_gene}}

'''Testis expressed 15''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the TEX15 [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: Testis expressed 15 | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/56154
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The ''TEX15'' gene displays [[Testicle|testis]]-specific expression, maps to chromosome 8, contains four [[exon]]s and encodes a 2789-amino acid protein.<ref name="pmid26199321">{{cite journal | vauthors = Okutman O, Muller J, Baert Y, Serdarogullari M, Gultomruk M, Piton A, Rombaut C, Benkhalifa M, Teletin M, Skory V, Bakircioglu E, Goossens E, Bahceci M, Viville S | title = Exome sequencing reveals a nonsense mutation in TEX15 causing spermatogenic failure in a Turkish family | journal = Human Molecular Genetics | volume = 24 | issue = 19 | pages = 5581–8 | date = October 2015 | pmid = 26199321 | doi = 10.1093/hmg/ddv290 }}</ref>  The ''TEX15'' gene encodes a [[DNA damage (naturally occurring)|DNA damage]] response factor important in [[meiosis]]. 
 
== Animal studies ==

In mice, disruption of an ortholog of the ''TEX15'' gene caused a drastic reduction in testis size and meiotic arrest in males.<ref name="pmid18283110">{{cite journal | vauthors = Yang F, Eckardt S, Leu NA, McLaughlin KJ, Wang PJ | title = Mouse TEX15 is essential for DNA double-strand break repair and chromosomal synapsis during male meiosis | journal = The Journal of Cell Biology | volume = 180 | issue = 4 | pages = 673–9 | date = February 2008 | pmid = 18283110 | pmc = 2265566 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.200709057 }}</ref>  TEX15, in mice, is required for [[chromosome]] [[synapsis]], meiotic recombination and [[DNA]] double-strand break repair.<ref name="pmid18283110" />  Furthermore, TEX15 regulates the loading of recombination proteins ([[RAD51]] and [[DMC1 (gene)|DMC1]]) onto sites of DNA double-strand breaks, and its absence causes a failure of meiotic recombination. 

== Clinical significance ==

A [[mutation]] in the ''TEX15'' gene was found to be associated with [[male infertility]] and meiotic maturation arrest.<ref name="pmid26199321" />

Truncation variants of TEX15 are also potential [[breast cancer]] risk factors.<ref name="pmid28386063">{{cite journal | vauthors = Mantere T, Tervasmäki A, Nurmi A, Rapakko K, Kauppila S, Tang J, Schleutker J, Kallioniemi A, Hartikainen JM, Mannermaa A, Nieminen P, Hanhisalo R, Lehto S, Suvanto M, Grip M, Jukkola-Vuorinen A, Tengström M, Auvinen P, Kvist A, Borg Å, Blomqvist C, Aittomäki K, Greenberg RA, Winqvist R, Nevanlinna H, Pylkäs K | title = Case-control analysis of truncating mutations in DNA damage response genes connects TEX15 and FANCD2 with hereditary breast cancer susceptibility | journal = Scientific Reports | volume = 7 | issue = 1 | pages = 681 | date = April 2017 | pmid = 28386063 | pmc = 5429682 | doi = 10.1038/s41598-017-00766-9 }}</ref>

== References ==
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== Further reading ==
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* {{cite journal | vauthors = Aston KI, Krausz C, Laface I, Ruiz-Castané E, Carrell DT | title = Evaluation of 172 candidate polymorphisms for association with oligozoospermia or azoospermia in a large cohort of men of European descent | journal = Human Reproduction | volume = 25 | issue = 6 | pages = 1383–97 | date = June 2010 | pmid = 20378615 | doi = 10.1093/humrep/deq081 }}
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[[Category:Human proteins]]