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'''For the  WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Takayasu's arteritis|here]]'''
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{{SI}}
'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Takayasu's arteritis|here]]'''


'''Editor-in-Chief:''' Alexandra M. Palmer
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{SHH}}


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==Overview==
In Takayasu's arteritis [[Symptom|symptoms]] may include arm [[Muscle weakness|weakness]] or pain with use, [[Chest pain]], [[Dizziness]], [[Fever]], [[Arthralgia|joint]] or [[Myalgia|muscle pain]], vision changes, [[Hypertension|high blood pressure (hypertension)]]. Takayasu arteritis appears to be an [[Autoimmunity|autoimmune]] condition. This means the body's [[immune system]] mistakenly attacks healthy tissue. The disease occurs mainly in children and women between the ages of 20 to 40. It is more common in people of East Asian, Indian or Mexican descent. The diagnosis is made when a person has [[Symptom|symptoms]] and [[imaging]] showing [[blood vessel]] narrowing suggesting [[inflammation]]. Possible tests include [[Angiogram]], [[Complete blood count|Complete blood count (CBC)]], [[Electrocardiogram|electrocardiogram (ECG)]], [[Magnetic resonance angiography|magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)]], [[Magnetic resonance imaging|magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)]]. Most people are first treated with high doses of [[Steroid|steroids]]. [[Immunosuppressive drug|Immunosuppressive drugs]], such as [[azathioprine]], [[mycophenolate]], [[methotrexate]], or [[leflunomide]] are often added. Biologic agents including [[TNF inhibitor|TNF inhibitors]] such as [[infliximab]] are recommended for people who do not improve with the previous treatment. [[Surgery]] or [[angioplasty]] may be used to open up narrowed [[Artery|arteries]] to supply [[blood]] or open up the constriction. [[Complication (medicine)|Complications]] may include [[Thrombus|blood clot]], [[Heart attack (patient information)|heart attack]], [[Congestive heart failure (patient information)|heart failure]], [[Pericarditis (patient information)|pericarditis]], [[Stroke (patient information)|stroke]], [[Gastrointestinal bleeding]] or pain from blockage of bowel [[Blood vessel|blood vessels]].


==What is Takayasu's arteritis?==
==What are the Symptoms of Takayasu's arteritis?==
[[Takayasu's arteritis]] is an [[inflammatory disease]] of unknown etiology associated  with structural problems in the [[arteries]] that branch off the [[aortic  arch]]. The [[aortic arch]] is the top part of the main [[artery]] carrying [[blood]] away from the [[heart]].
[[Symptom|Symptoms]] may include:
* Arm [[Muscle weakness|weakness]] or pain with use
* [[Chest pain]]
* [[Dizziness]]/ lightheadedness
* [[Fatigue]]
* [[Fever]]
* [[Arthralgia|Joint]] or [[Myalgia|muscle pain]]
* Skin [[rash]]
* Night sweats
* Vision changes
* [[Weight loss]]
* Decreased [[Radial artery|radial]] pulses (at the wrist)
* Difference in [[blood pressure]] between the two arms
* [[Hypertension|High blood pressure (hypertension)]]


==What are the  symptoms of Takayasu's arteritis?==  
==What Causes Takayasu's arteritis?==
Symptoms vary according to the affected [[artery]], but may include:
* The cause of Takayasu arteritis is unknown. The disease occurs mainly in children and women between the ages of 20 to 40. It is more common in people of East Asian, Indian or Mexican descent. However, it is now being seen more often in other parts of the world. Several [[Gene|genes]] that increase the chance of having this problem were recently found.
*[[Neurological]] changes such as:
* Takayasu arteritis appears to be an [[Autoimmunity|autoimmune]] condition. This means the body's [[immune system]] mistakenly attacks healthy tissue. The condition may also involve other organ systems. Takayasu arteritis has many features that are similar to [[Temporal arteritis|giant cell arteritis (temporal arteritis)]] in older people.
**[[Dizziness]]
**[[Blurred vision]]
**[[Weakness]]
*[[Blood pressure]] changes
*[[Breathing]] problems
*[[Numbness]] of an arm
*Reduced [[pulse]]
*[[Transient ischemic attacks]]


==What causes Takayasu's  arteritis?==
== Diagnosis ==
[[Takayasu's arteritis]] is most often associated with [[trauma]][[blood clots]], or [[malformations]] that develop before birth. The arteries'  defects result in abnormal blood flow to the head, neck, or arms.
* There is no [[blood test]] available to make a definite diagnosis.
* The diagnosis is made when a person has [[Symptom|symptoms]] and [[imaging]] showing [[blood vessel]] narrowing suggesting [[inflammation]].
* Possible tests include:
** Arteriogram
** [[Angiogram]]
** [[Complete blood count|Complete blood count (CBC)]]
** [[C-reactive protein|C-reactive protein (CRP)]]
** [[Electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram (ECG)]]
** [[Erythrocyte sedimentation rate|Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)]]
** [[Magnetic resonance angiography|Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)]]
** [[Magnetic resonance imaging|Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)]]
** [[Computed tomography|Computed tomography (CT)]]
** [[Ultrasound]]
** [[Chest X-ray|X-ray of the chest]]


==Who is at risk for Takayasu's  arteritis?==
==When to Seek Urgent Medical Care?==
Call your health care provider if you have [[Symptom|symptoms]] of this condition. Weak [[pulse]], [[chest pain]], and [[breathing]] difficulty require immediate care.


==Treatment Options==
Treatment of Takayasu arteritis is difficult. However, people who have the right treatment can see improvement. It is important to identify the condition early.


==Where to find  medical care for Takayasu's  arteritis==
=== MEDICINES ===
[http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&geocode=&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Takayasu's  arteritis}}}}&sll=37.0625,-95.677068&sspn=65.008093,112.148438&ie=UTF8&ll=37.0625,-95.677068&spn=91.690419,149.414063&z=2&source=embed  Directions to Hospitals Treating Takayasu's arteritis]
* Most people are first treated with high doses of [[Steroid|steroids]]. [[Immunosuppressive drug|Immunosuppressive drugs]], such as [[azathioprine]], [[mycophenolate]], [[methotrexate]], or [[leflunomide]] are often added.
* Biologic agents including [[TNF inhibitor|TNF inhibitors]] such as [[infliximab]] are recommended for people who do not improve with the previous treatment.
* Other biologic agents that show promising benefits for treating Takayasu's arteritis include [[tocilizumab]], and [[rituximab]].


==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)==
=== SURGERY ===
* [[Surgery]] or [[angioplasty]] may be used to open up narrowed [[Artery|arteries]] to supply [[blood]] or open up the constriction.
* Aortic valve replacement may be needed in some cases.


==Where to find Medical Care for Takayasu's arteritis?==
Medical care for Takayasu's arteritis can be found [https://www.google.com/maps/search/hospitals/ here].
==Prevention==
There are no established measures for the [[Prevention (medical)|prevention]] of Takayasu's arteritis.
==What to Expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?==
This disease can be fatal without treatment. However, a combined treatment approach using medicines and [[surgery]] has lowered [[Mortality rate|death rates]]. Adults have a better chance of [[Survival analysis|survival]] than children.
==Possible Complications==
[[Complication (medicine)|Complications]] may include:
* [[Thrombus|Blood clot]]
* [[Heart attack (patient information)|Heart attack]]
* [[Congestive heart failure (patient information)|Heart failure]]
* [[Pericarditis (patient information)|Pericarditis]]
* [[Aortic regurgitation|Aortic valve insufficiency]]
* [[Pleurisy|Pleuritis]]
* [[Stroke (patient information)|Stroke]]
* [[Gastrointestinal bleeding]] or pain from blockage of bowel [[Blood vessel|blood vessels]]


==Sources==
==Sources==


{{SIB}}
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000434.htm
 
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Rheumatology]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
 
{{WH}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}
{{WS}}
[[Category:Patient Information]]

Latest revision as of 18:02, 27 April 2018

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Overview

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Who is at highest risk?

Diagnosis

When to seek urgent medical care?

Treatment options

Where to find medical care for Xyz?

Prevention

What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?

Possible complications

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For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shaghayegh Habibi, M.D.[2]

Overview

In Takayasu's arteritis symptoms may include arm weakness or pain with use, Chest pain, Dizziness, Fever, joint or muscle pain, vision changes, high blood pressure (hypertension). Takayasu arteritis appears to be an autoimmune condition. This means the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue. The disease occurs mainly in children and women between the ages of 20 to 40. It is more common in people of East Asian, Indian or Mexican descent. The diagnosis is made when a person has symptoms and imaging showing blood vessel narrowing suggesting inflammation. Possible tests include Angiogram, Complete blood count (CBC), electrocardiogram (ECG), magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Most people are first treated with high doses of steroids. Immunosuppressive drugs, such as azathioprine, mycophenolate, methotrexate, or leflunomide are often added. Biologic agents including TNF inhibitors such as infliximab are recommended for people who do not improve with the previous treatment. Surgery or angioplasty may be used to open up narrowed arteries to supply blood or open up the constriction. Complications may include blood clot, heart attack, heart failure, pericarditis, stroke, Gastrointestinal bleeding or pain from blockage of bowel blood vessels.

What are the Symptoms of Takayasu's arteritis?

Symptoms may include:

What Causes Takayasu's arteritis?

  • The cause of Takayasu arteritis is unknown. The disease occurs mainly in children and women between the ages of 20 to 40. It is more common in people of East Asian, Indian or Mexican descent. However, it is now being seen more often in other parts of the world. Several genes that increase the chance of having this problem were recently found.
  • Takayasu arteritis appears to be an autoimmune condition. This means the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue. The condition may also involve other organ systems. Takayasu arteritis has many features that are similar to giant cell arteritis (temporal arteritis) in older people.

Diagnosis

When to Seek Urgent Medical Care?

Call your health care provider if you have symptoms of this condition. Weak pulse, chest pain, and breathing difficulty require immediate care.

Treatment Options

Treatment of Takayasu arteritis is difficult. However, people who have the right treatment can see improvement. It is important to identify the condition early.

MEDICINES

SURGERY

  • Surgery or angioplasty may be used to open up narrowed arteries to supply blood or open up the constriction.
  • Aortic valve replacement may be needed in some cases.

Where to find Medical Care for Takayasu's arteritis?

Medical care for Takayasu's arteritis can be found here.

Prevention

There are no established measures for the prevention of Takayasu's arteritis.

What to Expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?

This disease can be fatal without treatment. However, a combined treatment approach using medicines and surgery has lowered death rates. Adults have a better chance of survival than children.

Possible Complications

Complications may include:

Sources

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000434.htm

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