TMPRSS2: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox_gene}}
{{PBB_Controls
'''Transmembrane protease, serine 2''' is an [[enzyme]] that in humans is encoded by the ''TMPRSS2'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid9325052">{{cite journal | vauthors = Paoloni-Giacobino A, Chen H, Peitsch MC, Rossier C, Antonarakis SE | title = Cloning of the TMPRSS2 gene, which encodes a novel serine protease with transmembrane, LDLRA, and SRCR domains and maps to 21q22.3 | journal = Genomics | volume = 44 | issue = 3 | pages = 309–20 | date = Sep 1997 | pmid = 9325052 | pmc =  | doi = 10.1006/geno.1997.4845 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: TMPRSS2 transmembrane protease, serine 2| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=7113| accessdate = }}</ref>
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}


<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
== Function ==
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Transmembrane protease, serine 2
| HGNCid = 11876
| Symbol = TMPRSS2
| AltSymbols =; PRSS10
| OMIM = 602060
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 4136
| MGIid = 1354381
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_TMPRSS2_205102_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_TMPRSS2_211689_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004252 |text = serine-type endopeptidase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005044 |text = scavenger receptor activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005887 |text = integral to plasma membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006508 |text = proteolysis}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 7113
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000184012
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_005647
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_005656
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 21
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 41758351
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 41801948
    | Hs_Uniprot = O15393
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 50528
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000000385
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_015775
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_056590
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 16
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 97721930
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 97754185
    | Mm_Uniprot = Q3TTU9
  }}
}}
'''Transmembrane protease, serine 2''', also known as '''TMPRSS2''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: TMPRSS2 transmembrane protease, serine 2| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=7113| accessdate = }}</ref>


<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
This gene encodes a protein that belongs to the serine protease family. The encoded protein contains a type II transmembrane domain, a receptor class A domain, a scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domain and a protease domain. Serine proteases are known to be involved in many physiological and pathological processes. This gene was demonstrated to be up-regulated by androgenic hormones in [[prostate cancer]] cells and down-regulated in [[hormone-refractory prostate cancer|androgen-independent prostate cancer]] tissue. The protease domain of this protein is thought to be cleaved and secreted into cell media after autocleavage. The biological function of this gene is unknown.<ref name="entrez" />
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = This gene encodes a protein that belongs to the serine protease family. The encoded protein contains a type II transmembrane domain, a receptor class A domain, a scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domain and a protease domain. Serine proteases are known to be involved in many physiological and pathological processes. This gene was demonstrated to be up-regulated by androgenic hormones in prostate cancer cells and down-regulated in androgen-independent prostate cancer tissue. The protease domain of this protein is thought to be cleaved and secreted into cell media after autocleavage. The biological function of this gene is unknown.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: TMPRSS2 transmembrane protease, serine 2| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=7113| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}


==References==
== ERG gene fusion ==
{{reflist|2}}
 
==Further reading==
TMPRSS2 protein's function in prostate carcinogenesis relies on overexpression of ETS transcription factors, such as ''[[ERG (gene)|ERG]]'' and ''[[ETV1]]'', through [[gene fusion]]. TMPRSS2-ERG fusion gene is the most frequent, present in 40% - 80% of prostate cancers in humans. ERG overexpression contributes to development of androgen-independence in prostate cancer through disruption of [[androgen receptor]] signaling.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Yu J, Yu J, Mani RS, Cao Q, Brenner CJ, Cao X, Wang X, Wu L, Li J, Hu M, Gong Y, Cheng H, Laxman B, Vellaichamy A, Shankar S, Li Y, Dhanasekaran SM, Morey R, Barrette T, Lonigro RJ, Tomlins SA, Varambally S, Qin ZS, Chinnaiyan AM | title = An integrated network of androgen receptor, polycomb, and TMPRSS2-ERG gene fusions in prostate cancer progression | journal = Cancer Cell | volume = 17 | issue = 5 | pages = 443–54 | date = May 2010 | pmid = 20478527 | pmc = 2874722 | doi = 10.1016/j.ccr.2010.03.018 }}</ref>
{{refbegin | 2}}
 
{{PBB_Further_reading
== References ==
| citations =
{{reflist}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Maruyama K, Sugano S |title=Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides. |journal=Gene |volume=138 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 171-4 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8125298 |doi=  }}
{{clear}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Paoloni-Giacobino A, Chen H, Peitsch MC, ''et al.'' |title=Cloning of the TMPRSS2 gene, which encodes a novel serine protease with transmembrane, LDLRA, and SRCR domains and maps to 21q22.3. |journal=Genomics |volume=44 |issue= 3 |pages= 309-20 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9325052 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1997.4845 }}
 
*{{cite journal  | author=Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, ''et al.'' |title=Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library. |journal=Gene |volume=200 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 149-56 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9373149 |doi= }}
== Further reading ==
*{{cite journal | author=Lin B, Ferguson C, White JT, ''et al.'' |title=Prostate-localized and androgen-regulated expression of the membrane-bound serine protease TMPRSS2. |journal=Cancer Res. |volume=59 |issue= 17 |pages= 4180-4 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10485450 |doi= }}
{{refbegin|33em}}
*{{cite journal | author=Hattori M, Fujiyama A, Taylor TD, ''et al.'' |title=The DNA sequence of human chromosome 21. |journal=Nature |volume=405 |issue= 6784 |pages= 311-9 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10830953 |doi= 10.1038/35012518 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Maruyama K, Sugano S | title = Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides | journal = Gene | volume = 138 | issue = 1-2 | pages = 171–4 | date = Jan 1994 | pmid = 8125298 | doi = 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Vaarala MH, Porvari KS, Kellokumpu S, ''et al.'' |title=Expression of transmembrane serine protease TMPRSS2 in mouse and human tissues. |journal=J. Pathol. |volume=193 |issue= 1 |pages= 134-40 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11169526 |doi= 10.1002/1096-9896(2000)9999:9999<::AID-PATH743>3.0.CO;2-T }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S | title = Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library | journal = Gene | volume = 200 | issue = 1-2 | pages = 149–56 | date = Oct 1997 | pmid = 9373149 | doi = 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Afar DE, Vivanco I, Hubert RS, ''et al.'' |title=Catalytic cleavage of the androgen-regulated TMPRSS2 protease results in its secretion by prostate and prostate cancer epithelia. |journal=Cancer Res. |volume=61 |issue= 4 |pages= 1686-92 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11245484 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Lin B, Ferguson C, White JT, Wang S, Vessella R, True LD, Hood L, Nelson PS | title = Prostate-localized and androgen-regulated expression of the membrane-bound serine protease TMPRSS2 | journal = Cancer Research | volume = 59 | issue = 17 | pages = 4180–4 | date = Sep 1999 | pmid = 10485450 | doi = }}
*{{cite journal | author=Jacquinet E, Rao NV, Rao GV, ''et al.'' |title=Cloning and characterization of the cDNA and gene for human epitheliasin. |journal=Eur. J. Biochem. |volume=268 |issue= 9 |pages= 2687-99 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11322890 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Vaarala MH, Porvari KS, Kellokumpu S, Kyllönen AP, Vihko PT | title = Expression of transmembrane serine protease TMPRSS2 in mouse and human tissues | journal = The Journal of Pathology | volume = 193 | issue = 1 | pages = 134–40 | date = Jan 2001 | pmid = 11169526 | doi = 10.1002/1096-9896(2000)9999:9999<::AID-PATH743>3.0.CO;2-T }}
*{{cite journal | author=Teng DH, Chen Y, Lian L, ''et al.'' |title=Mutation analyses of 268 candidate genes in human tumor cell lines. |journal=Genomics |volume=74 |issue= 3 |pages= 352-64 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11414763 |doi= 10.1006/geno.2001.6551 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Afar DE, Vivanco I, Hubert RS, Kuo J, Chen E, Saffran DC, Raitano AB, Jakobovits A | title = Catalytic cleavage of the androgen-regulated TMPRSS2 protease results in its secretion by prostate and prostate cancer epithelia | journal = Cancer Research | volume = 61 | issue = 4 | pages = 1686–92 | date = Feb 2001 | pmid = 11245484 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Jacquinet E, Rao NV, Rao GV, Zhengming W, Albertine KH, Hoidal JR | title = Cloning and characterization of the cDNA and gene for human epitheliasin | journal = European Journal of Biochemistry / FEBS | volume = 268 | issue = 9 | pages = 2687–99 | date = May 2001 | pmid = 11322890 | doi = 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2001.02165.x }}
*{{cite journal | author=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, ''et al.'' |title=The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121-7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Teng DH, Chen Y, Lian L, Ha PC, Tavtigian SV, Wong AK | title = Mutation analyses of 268 candidate genes in human tumor cell lines | journal = Genomics | volume = 74 | issue = 3 | pages = 352–64 | date = Jun 2001 | pmid = 11414763 | doi = 10.1006/geno.2001.6551 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Wilson S, Greer B, Hooper J, ''et al.'' |title=The membrane-anchored serine protease, TMPRSS2, activates PAR-2 in prostate cancer cells. |journal=Biochem. J. |volume=388 |issue= Pt 3 |pages= 967-72 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15537383 |doi= 10.1042/BJ20041066 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Wilson S, Greer B, Hooper J, Zijlstra A, Walker B, Quigley J, Hawthorne S | title = The membrane-anchored serine protease, TMPRSS2, activates PAR-2 in prostate cancer cells | journal = The Biochemical Journal | volume = 388 | issue = Pt 3 | pages = 967–72 | date = Jun 2005 | pmid = 15537383 | pmc = 1183478 | doi = 10.1042/BJ20041066 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Soller MJ, Isaksson M, Elfving P, ''et al.'' |title=Confirmation of the high frequency of the TMPRSS2/ERG fusion gene in prostate cancer. |journal=Genes Chromosomes Cancer |volume=45 |issue= 7 |pages= 717-9 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16575875 |doi= 10.1002/gcc.20329 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Soller MJ, Isaksson M, Elfving P, Soller W, Lundgren R, Panagopoulos I | title = Confirmation of the high frequency of the TMPRSS2/ERG fusion gene in prostate cancer | journal = Genes, Chromosomes & Cancer | volume = 45 | issue = 7 | pages = 717–9 | date = Jul 2006 | pmid = 16575875 | doi = 10.1002/gcc.20329 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Tomlins SA, Mehra R, Rhodes DR, ''et al.'' |title=TMPRSS2:ETV4 gene fusions define a third molecular subtype of prostate cancer. |journal=Cancer Res. |volume=66 |issue= 7 |pages= 3396-400 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16585160 |doi= 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-0168 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Tomlins SA, Mehra R, Rhodes DR, Smith LR, Roulston D, Helgeson BE, Cao X, Wei JT, Rubin MA, Shah RB, Chinnaiyan AM | title = TMPRSS2:ETV4 gene fusions define a third molecular subtype of prostate cancer | journal = Cancer Research | volume = 66 | issue = 7 | pages = 3396–400 | date = Apr 2006 | pmid = 16585160 | doi = 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-0168 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Yoshimoto M, Joshua AM, Chilton-Macneill S, ''et al.'' |title=Three-color FISH analysis of TMPRSS2/ERG fusions in prostate cancer indicates that genomic microdeletion of chromosome 21 is associated with rearrangement. |journal=Neoplasia |volume=8 |issue= 6 |pages= 465-9 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16820092 |doi= 10.1593/neo.06283 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Yoshimoto M, Joshua AM, Chilton-Macneill S, Bayani J, Selvarajah S, Evans AJ, Zielenska M, Squire JA | title = Three-color FISH analysis of TMPRSS2/ERG fusions in prostate cancer indicates that genomic microdeletion of chromosome 21 is associated with rearrangement | journal = Neoplasia | volume = 8 | issue = 6 | pages = 465–9 | date = Jun 2006 | pmid = 16820092 | pmc = 1601467 | doi = 10.1593/neo.06283 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Böttcher E, Matrosovich T, Beyerle M, ''et al.'' |title=Proteolytic activation of influenza viruses by serine proteases TMPRSS2 and HAT from human airway epithelium. |journal=J. Virol. |volume=80 |issue= 19 |pages= 9896-8 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16973594 |doi= 10.1128/JVI.01118-06 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Böttcher E, Matrosovich T, Beyerle M, Klenk HD, Garten W, Matrosovich M | title = Proteolytic activation of influenza viruses by serine proteases TMPRSS2 and HAT from human airway epithelium | journal = Journal of Virology | volume = 80 | issue = 19 | pages = 9896–8 | date = Oct 2006 | pmid = 16973594 | pmc = 1617224 | doi = 10.1128/JVI.01118-06 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Cerveira N, Ribeiro FR, Peixoto A, ''et al.'' |title=TMPRSS2-ERG gene fusion causing ERG overexpression precedes chromosome copy number changes in prostate carcinomas and paired HGPIN lesions. |journal=Neoplasia |volume=8 |issue= 10 |pages= 826-32 |year= 2006 |pmid= 17032499 |doi= 10.1593/neo.06427 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Cerveira N, Ribeiro FR, Peixoto A, Costa V, Henrique R, Jerónimo C, Teixeira MR | title = TMPRSS2-ERG gene fusion causing ERG overexpression precedes chromosome copy number changes in prostate carcinomas and paired HGPIN lesions | journal = Neoplasia | volume = 8 | issue = 10 | pages = 826–32 | date = Oct 2006 | pmid = 17032499 | pmc = 1715930 | doi = 10.1593/neo.06427 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Yoo NJ, Lee JW, Lee SH |title=Absence of fusion of TMPRSS2 and ETS transcription factor genes in gastric and colorectal carcinomas. |journal=APMIS |volume=115 |issue= 3 |pages= 252-3 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17367471 |doi= 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2007.apm_652.x }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Yoo NJ, Lee JW, Lee SH | title = Absence of fusion of TMPRSS2 and ETS transcription factor genes in gastric and colorectal carcinomas | journal = APMIS | volume = 115 | issue = 3 | pages = 252–3 | date = Mar 2007 | pmid = 17367471 | doi = 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2007.apm_652.x }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Winnes M, Lissbrant E, Damber JE, Stenman G |title=Molecular genetic analyses of the TMPRSS2-ERG and TMPRSS2-ETV1 gene fusions in 50 cases of prostate cancer. |journal=Oncol. Rep. |volume=17 |issue= 5 |pages= 1033-6 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17390040 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Winnes M, Lissbrant E, Damber JE, Stenman G | title = Molecular genetic analyses of the TMPRSS2-ERG and TMPRSS2-ETV1 gene fusions in 50 cases of prostate cancer | journal = Oncology Reports | volume = 17 | issue = 5 | pages = 1033–6 | date = May 2007 | pmid = 17390040 | doi = 10.3892/or.17.5.1033 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Tu JJ, Rohan S, Kao J, ''et al.'' |title=Gene fusions between TMPRSS2 and ETS family genes in prostate cancer: frequency and transcript variant analysis by RT-PCR and FISH on paraffin-embedded tissues. |journal=Mod. Pathol. |volume=20 |issue= 9 |pages= 921-8 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17632455 |doi= 10.1038/modpathol.3800903 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Tu JJ, Rohan S, Kao J, Kitabayashi N, Mathew S, Chen YT | title = Gene fusions between TMPRSS2 and ETS family genes in prostate cancer: frequency and transcript variant analysis by RT-PCR and FISH on paraffin-embedded tissues | journal = Modern Pathology | volume = 20 | issue = 9 | pages = 921–8 | date = Sep 2007 | pmid = 17632455 | doi = 10.1038/modpathol.3800903 }}
}}
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Revision as of 12:03, 15 September 2017

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
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View/Edit Human

Transmembrane protease, serine 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TMPRSS2 gene.[1][2]

Function

This gene encodes a protein that belongs to the serine protease family. The encoded protein contains a type II transmembrane domain, a receptor class A domain, a scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domain and a protease domain. Serine proteases are known to be involved in many physiological and pathological processes. This gene was demonstrated to be up-regulated by androgenic hormones in prostate cancer cells and down-regulated in androgen-independent prostate cancer tissue. The protease domain of this protein is thought to be cleaved and secreted into cell media after autocleavage. The biological function of this gene is unknown.[2]

ERG gene fusion

TMPRSS2 protein's function in prostate carcinogenesis relies on overexpression of ETS transcription factors, such as ERG and ETV1, through gene fusion. TMPRSS2-ERG fusion gene is the most frequent, present in 40% - 80% of prostate cancers in humans. ERG overexpression contributes to development of androgen-independence in prostate cancer through disruption of androgen receptor signaling.[3]

References

  1. ↑ Paoloni-Giacobino A, Chen H, Peitsch MC, Rossier C, Antonarakis SE (Sep 1997). "Cloning of the TMPRSS2 gene, which encodes a novel serine protease with transmembrane, LDLRA, and SRCR domains and maps to 21q22.3". Genomics. 44 (3): 309–20. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.4845. PMID 9325052.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Entrez Gene: TMPRSS2 transmembrane protease, serine 2".
  3. ↑ Yu J, Yu J, Mani RS, Cao Q, Brenner CJ, Cao X, Wang X, Wu L, Li J, Hu M, Gong Y, Cheng H, Laxman B, Vellaichamy A, Shankar S, Li Y, Dhanasekaran SM, Morey R, Barrette T, Lonigro RJ, Tomlins SA, Varambally S, Qin ZS, Chinnaiyan AM (May 2010). "An integrated network of androgen receptor, polycomb, and TMPRSS2-ERG gene fusions in prostate cancer progression". Cancer Cell. 17 (5): 443–54. doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2010.03.018. PMC 2874722. PMID 20478527.

Further reading

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