Superior vena cava syndrome natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 15:54, 22 January 2013
Superior Vena Cava Syndrome Microchapters |
Differentiating Superior Vena Cava Syndrome from Other Diseases |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Complications
- The throat could become blocked, which can block the airways.
- Increased pressure may develop in the brain, leading to changed levels of consciousness, nausea, vomiting, or vision changes.
Prognosis
- The outcome varies depending on the cause and the amount of blockage.
- SVCS caused by a tumor is a sign that the tumor has spread, and it indicates a poorer long-term outlook.
- Cancer patients diagnosed with SVCS do not die of the syndrome itself but rather from the extent of their underlying disease.
- SVCS is usually a sign of locally advanced bronchogenic carcinoma. Survival depends on the status of the patient’s disease. When small cell bronchogenic carcinoma is treated with chemotherapy, the 24-month survival rate is 9% in patients without SVCS and 3% in those with the syndrome. When the malignancy is treated with radiation therapy, 46% of patients who have non-small cell lung cancer experience relief of symptoms compared with 62% of patients who have small cell bronchogenic carcinoma. The 2-year survival rate of 5% is almost the same for both groups.
- Most non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients with SVCS respond to appropriate chemotherapy or to combined modality regimens.