Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin epidemiology and demographics

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2], Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [3]

Overview

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is one of the most common skin cancers. It is caused mostly by prolonged exposure to sunlight and /or UV radiation. Most of the affected patient group belong to the elderly age group.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Squamous cell carcinoma affects more than 200,000 people in the United States alone every year.

Incidence of squamous cell carcinoma varies with age, gender, race, geography, and genetics. The incidence of SCC increases with age and the peak incidence is usually around 66 years old. Males are affected with SCC at a ratio of 2:1 in comparison to females. Caucasians are more likely to be affected, especially those with fair Celtic skin, if chronically exposed to UV radiation. There are also a few rare congenital diseases predispose to cutaneous malignancy. Incidence of SCC has also been found to increase with decreasing latitude (e.g. southern US, Australia). Tumors are more common on the left side in the US and on the right side in England. This is probably due to asymmetric sun exposure during driving. In certain geographic locations, exposure to arsenic in well water or from industrial sources may significantly increase the risk of SCC.

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