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==Overview==
==Overview==

Latest revision as of 22:27, 31 May 2017

Smoking Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Smoking from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

X-rays

Ultrasound

CT Scan

MRI

Other Imaging Studies

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aravind Kuchkuntla, M.B.B.S[2]

Overview

The primary method of diagnosing tobacco use is through the confidential interview or history. Symptoms of a chronic smokeer include fatigue, dyspnea on exertion, snoring and sleep apnea, retrosternal discomfort, heart burn, weight loss, breathlessness, sputum production and chest pain, leg pain, weight loss, loss of appetite and hemoptysis.

History and Symptoms

The primary method of diagnosing tobacco use is through the confidential interview. The following questions are helpful to identify patients using tobacco and screen the severity of use:[1]

  • Do any of your friends use tobacco? Do you friends use e-cigarettes, e-hookah, or vape? (This question may help open the conversation, especially for younger adolescents.)
  • Have you ever tried a tobacco product? Which tobacco products have you used? Have you tried an e-cigarette, e-hookah, or vape?
  • How many times have you tried (name of tobacco product)?
  • How often do you use (name of tobacco product)?
  • Patients must be enquired regarding any symptoms of anxiety and depression

Severity assessment of tobacco use:

  • Clinicians must assess the cigarette smoking dependence through use of the Hooked on Nicotine Checklist or the modified Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (both available through the Alcohol and Drug Abuse Institute-University of Washington Library http://lib.adai.washington.edu/).

Symptoms of chronic nicotine use include:

Symptoms of nicotine withdrawal include:

References

  1. Camenga, Deepa R.; Klein, Jonathan D. (2016). "Tobacco Use Disorders". Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America. 25 (3): 445–460. doi:10.1016/j.chc.2016.02.003. ISSN 1056-4993.

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