Sialolithiasis: Difference between revisions

	Sialolithiasis Microchapters
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Sialolithiasis from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Study of Choice
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Electrocardiogram
X Ray
Echocardiography or Ultrasound
CT
MRI
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Case #1
Sialolithiasis On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
Powerpoint slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Sialolithiasis All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Sialolithiasis
CDC on Sialolithiasis
Sialolithiasis in the news
Blogs on Sialolithiasis
Directions to Hospitals Treating Sialolithiasis
Risk calculators and risk factors for Sialolithiasis

VisualWikitext

Latest revision as of 15:14, 19 February 2013

For patient information, click here

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Synonyms and keywords: Salivary calculus; salivary duct stone; salivary duct calculus

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Sialolithiasis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Treatment

Case Studies

Case #1

Template:WikiDoc Sources Template:Oral pathology

lt:Seilių liaukos akmenligė

Template:WikiDoc Sources

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
 {{Sialolithiasis}}
+'''For patient information, click [[Sialolithiasis (patient information)|here]]'''
 {{CMG}}
-{{SK}} Salivary calculus
+{{SK}} Salivary calculus; salivary duct stone; salivary duct calculus
-==Overview==
+==[[Sialolithiasis overview|Overview]]==
-'''Sialolithiasis''' refers to the formation of stones in the [[salivary glands]]. Stones are most commonly found in the [[submandibular gland]] and [[parotid gland]], where stones can obstruct [[Submandibular duct|Wharton's duct]] and Stenson's duct respectively. This calculus ([[sialolith]] - pronounced SIGH-al-low-lith) is a [[salivary gland]] stone consisting of layers of calcified organic matter - calcium phosphate and carbon, with traces of magnesium, chloride and ammonium. Sialoliths are not related to kidney stones.
-==Causes==
+==[[Sialolithiasis historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
-It is frequently associated with chronic infection (''[[Staphylococcus aureus]], [[Streptococcus viridans]]'') of the glands, dehydration ([[phenothiazine]]s), [[Sjögren's syndrome]] and/or increased local levels of calcium, but in many cases can arise [[idiopathic]]ally.
-==Epidemiology and Demography==
+==[[Sialolithiasis classification|Classification]]==
-The majority (perhaps 90%) form in the [[submandibular gland]] but the other glands can create them too.
+==[[Sialolithiasis pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
+==[[Sialolithiasis causes|Causes]]==
+==[[Sialolithiasis differential diagnosis|Differentiating Sialolithiasis from other Diseases]]==
+==[[Sialolithiasis epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
+==[[Sialolithiasis risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
+==[[Sialolithiasis natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
-==Natural History, Complications and Prognosis==
-Complications include persistent obstruction of the duct, leading to bacterial invasion, overgrowth and infection ([[sialoadenitis]]). This can require IV antibiotics such as [[nafcillin]], and sometimes surgical drainage.
 ==Diagnosis==
-===History and Symptoms===
+[[Sialolithiasis history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Sialolithiasis physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Sialolithiasis laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Sialolithiasis x ray|X Ray]] | [[Sialolithiasis CT|CT]] | [[Sialolithiasis other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Sialolithiasis other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
-The resulting blockage and inflammation ([[sialitis]]) causes immense pain on eating when [[saliva]] production increases and infection of the salivary gland may ensue. Pain may be further be intensified when eating sour or tart foods or candies.
-Other symptoms are dry mouth; bad taste in mouth; and local swelling.
+==Treatment==
-Pain, when present, usually originates from the floor of the mouth, although in many cases the stones cause only intermittent swelling.
+[[Sialolithiasis medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Sialolithiasis surgery|Surgery]] | [[Sialolithiasis primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Sialolithiasis secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Sialolithiasis cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Sialolithiasis future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
-===Physical Examination===
-Since [[mastication|chewing]] promotes release of saliva, symptoms tend to increase during meals. A palpable lump or visible swelling in the area of the gland is often noted.
-===X Ray===
-Diagnosis is usually made by characteristic history and physical examination. Diagnosis can be confirmed by [[x-ray]] (80% of salivary gland calculi are visible on x-ray), or by [[sialogram]] or ultrasound.
-== Treatment ==
+== Case Studies ==
-===Medical Therapy===
+[[Sialolithiasis case study one|Case #1]]
-Some current treatment options are:
-* For small stones, hydration, moist heat, [[NSAID]]s occasionally, and having the patient take any food or beverage that is bitter and/or sour. Sucking on citrus fruits, such as a lemon or orange, may increase [[salivation]] and promote spontaneous expulsion of the stone.
-* [[Sialendoscopy]]
-* To prevent infection while the stone is lodged in the duct, sometimes antibiotics are used. In some cases when stones continually reoccur the offending salivary duct is removed.
-* [[Inflammation]] and [[infection]] are treated with [[prednisone]] and [[antibiotics]].  If the infection destroys the gland, it may have to be removed entirely.
-===Surgery===
-* Some stones may be massaged out by a specialist.
-* An [[Otolaryngology|ENT]] or [[Oral and maxillofacial surgeon|maxillofacial surgeon]] may [[canula]]te the duct to remove the stone (sialotomy).
-* A surgeon may make a small incision near the stone to remove it.
-==References==
-{{reflist|2}}
 [[Category:Medical emergencies]]
 [[Category:Emergency medicine]]

Sialolithiasis: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 15:14, 19 February 2013

Diagnosis

Treatment

Case Studies

Navigation menu