Sandbox Turky3

Revision as of 16:46, 2 November 2015 by Turky Alkathery (talk | contribs)
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Gallery

Cultural depictions of George Washington
  • Location of pilocytic astrocytoma on contrast MRI. a cerebral hemispheric tumor, b optic tract and hypothalamic tumor, c cerebellar tumor, and d brainstem tumor.[1]

    Location of pilocytic astrocytoma on contrast MRI. a cerebral hemispheric tumor, b optic tract and hypothalamic tumor, c cerebellar tumor, and d brainstem tumor.[1]

  • Radiological type of pilocytic astrocytoma (MRI scans after contrast administration). a cystic tumor with an enhancing cyst wall, R1, b cystic tumor with a non-enhancing cyst wall, R2, c solid tumor with central necrosis, R3, and d solid or mainly solid tumor, R4. MRI scans after contrast administration.[1]

    Radiological type of pilocytic astrocytoma (MRI scans after contrast administration). a cystic tumor with an enhancing cyst wall, R1, b cystic tumor with a non-enhancing cyst wall, R2, c solid tumor with central necrosis, R3, and d solid or mainly solid tumor, R4. MRI scans after contrast administration.[1]

  • A large, cystic cerebellar pilocytic astrocytoma in a 7-year-old boy. a An axial T2-weighted image shows a hyperintense mass of the right cerebellar hemisphere with a less intense soft-tissue nodule along its medial margin and without surrounding oedema (arrows). Note the arachnoid cyst in the left middle cranial fossa. b On an axial FLAIR image, the cystic component shows low signal intensity that is higher than that of the CSF, and the soft tissue nodule is homogeneous and slightly hyperintense (arrows). c On a diffusion-weighted image, the mural nodule appears isointense (arrow). d An axial, contrast-enhanced, T1-weighted image demonstrates intense enhancement of the mural nodule (arrows).[2]

    A large, cystic cerebellar pilocytic astrocytoma in a 7-year-old boy. a An axial T2-weighted image shows a hyperintense mass of the right cerebellar hemisphere with a less intense soft-tissue nodule along its medial margin and without surrounding oedema (arrows). Note the arachnoid cyst in the left middle cranial fossa. b On an axial FLAIR image, the cystic component shows low signal intensity that is higher than that of the CSF, and the soft tissue nodule is homogeneous and slightly hyperintense (arrows). c On a diffusion-weighted image, the mural nodule appears isointense (arrow). d An axial, contrast-enhanced, T1-weighted image demonstrates intense enhancement of the mural nodule (arrows).[2]

  • Pilocytic astrocytoma in a 26-year-old woman arising in the vermis. a A sagittal T2-weighted image shows a hyperintense cystic mass of the cerebellar vermis with a peripherally located mural nodule (arrows) compressing the fourth ventricle. b An axial contrast-enhanced T1-weighted image demonstrates intense enhancement of the mural nodule (arrow), as well as cyst wall enhancement (arrowheads).[2]

    Pilocytic astrocytoma in a 26-year-old woman arising in the vermis. a A sagittal T2-weighted image shows a hyperintense cystic mass of the cerebellar vermis with a peripherally located mural nodule (arrows) compressing the fourth ventricle. b An axial contrast-enhanced T1-weighted image demonstrates intense enhancement of the mural nodule (arrow), as well as cyst wall enhancement (arrowheads).[2]

  • A pilocytic astrocytoma with a predominantly solid mass and a minimal cyst-like component in a 14-year-old girl. a This coronal T2-weighted image shows a large, well-marginated mass, involving the vermis and both cerebellar hemispheres that effaces the fourth ventricle. b On an axial FLAIR image, the solid mass shows high signal intensity with hypointense cystic areas (arrows). c On an axial contrast-enhanced image, the mass shows inhomogeneous contrast enhancement, with nodules that exhibit intense enhancement (arrows) and other cystic areas that remain unenhanced (arrowheads).[2]

    A pilocytic astrocytoma with a predominantly solid mass and a minimal cyst-like component in a 14-year-old girl. a This coronal T2-weighted image shows a large, well-marginated mass, involving the vermis and both cerebellar hemispheres that effaces the fourth ventricle. b On an axial FLAIR image, the solid mass shows high signal intensity with hypointense cystic areas (arrows). c On an axial contrast-enhanced image, the mass shows inhomogeneous contrast enhancement, with nodules that exhibit intense enhancement (arrows) and other cystic areas that remain unenhanced (arrowheads).[2]

  • Pilocytic astrocytoma of the left cerebellar hemisphere with a solid and cystic component severely compressing the fourth ventricle and the medulla, producing obstructive hydrocephalus. a An axial T2-weighted image shows a cystic, hyperintense mass with a less intense solid component (asterisks) compressing the fourth ventricle (arrow). b On a FLAIR image, the cystic component (c) shows low signal intensity, which is higher than that of the CSF and the solid component (s) shows high signal intensity. Note the low signal of the compressed fourth ventricle (arrow) and the peritumoral edema (e). c On this T1-weighted image, the solid components appear hypointense compared with grey matter. d The solid component shows high values on an ADC map. e Intense enhancement of solid components is depicted after the administration of a paramagnetic agent.[2]

    Pilocytic astrocytoma of the left cerebellar hemisphere with a solid and cystic component severely compressing the fourth ventricle and the medulla, producing obstructive hydrocephalus. a An axial T2-weighted image shows a cystic, hyperintense mass with a less intense solid component (asterisks) compressing the fourth ventricle (arrow). b On a FLAIR image, the cystic component (c) shows low signal intensity, which is higher than that of the CSF and the solid component (s) shows high signal intensity. Note the low signal of the compressed fourth ventricle (arrow) and the peritumoral edema (e). c On this T1-weighted image, the solid components appear hypointense compared with grey matter. d The solid component shows high values on an ADC map. e Intense enhancement of solid components is depicted after the administration of a paramagnetic agent.[2]

  • Classical appearance of a hemispheric pilocytic astrocytoma in a 45-year-old man. a An axial T2-weighted image demonstrates a hyperintense cystic component and a less hyperintense solid nodule within the lateral ventricle (arrows). b A contrast-enhanced axial T1-weighted image reveals intense enhancement of the solid nodule (arrows) and lack of enhancement of the cystic portion.[2]

    Classical appearance of a hemispheric pilocytic astrocytoma in a 45-year-old man. a An axial T2-weighted image demonstrates a hyperintense cystic component and a less hyperintense solid nodule within the lateral ventricle (arrows). b A contrast-enhanced axial T1-weighted image reveals intense enhancement of the solid nodule (arrows) and lack of enhancement of the cystic portion.[2]

  • Magnetic resonance image of a large retrobulbar optic nerve tumor causing massive proptosis.[3]

    Magnetic resonance image of a large retrobulbar optic nerve tumor causing massive proptosis.[3]



± THEN

[4]


hepatitis lung cancer [5]

Adrenal carcinoma Adrenal carcinoma Sowminya Ahmad look adrenocortical
Adrenal metastases Adrenal metastases Sowminya Ahmad Complete
Adrenal tumor Adrenal tumor Parminder Ahmad Landing page

[6]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Zakrzewski, Krzysztof; Jarząb, Michał; Pfeifer, Aleksandra; Oczko-Wojciechowska, Małgorzata; Jarząb, Barbara; Liberski, Paweł P.; Zakrzewska, Magdalena (2015). "Transcriptional profiles of pilocytic astrocytoma are related to their three different locations, but not to radiological tumor features". BMC Cancer. 15 (1). doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1810-z. ISSN 1471-2407.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Chourmouzi, Danai; Papadopoulou, Elissabet; Konstantinidis, Manolis; Syrris, Vasileios; Kouskouras, Kostas; Haritanti, Afroditi; Karkavelas, George; Drevelegas, Antonios (2014). "Manifestations of pilocytic astrocytoma: a pictorial review". Insights into Imaging. 5 (3): 387–402. doi:10.1007/s13244-014-0328-2. ISSN 1869-4101.
  3. ↑ Radiology of pilocytic astrocytoma. Wikimedia commons 2015. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Pilocytic_astrocytoma. Accessed on October 30, 2015
  4. ↑ Riegert-Johnson D, Gleeson FC, Westra W, et al. Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome. 2008 Jul 18 [Updated 2008 Aug 9]. In: Riegert-Johnson DL, Boardman LA, Hefferon T, et al., editors. Cancer Syndromes [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 2009-. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1826/
  5. ↑ .Laboratory findings of ganglioneuroma. Carmen Perrino, M.D. & Debra Zynger, M.D. Pathology Outlines. http://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/adrenalganglioneuroma.html
  6. ↑ Template:Cite pimd
Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=Sandbox_Turky3&oldid=1182218"