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<references /> | <references /><ref name="pmid15862928">{{cite journal| author=Longstreth GF| title=Definition and classification of irritable bowel syndrome: current consensus and controversies. | journal=Gastroenterol Clin North Am | year= 2005 | volume= 34 | issue= 2 | pages= 173-87 | pmid=15862928 | doi=10.1016/j.gtc.2005.02.011 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15862928 }} </ref> | ||
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Revision as of 19:15, 8 May 2020
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Muhammad Waleed Haider, M.D.[2]
Synonyms and Keywords: Spastic colon, functional bowel disorder, IBS
Historical Perspective
Irritable Bowel syndrome (IBS) was first mentioned in the Rocky Mountain Medical Journal in 1950. IBS was described as a psychosomatic disorder, not explained by any biochemical or structural abnormalities. Apley and Nash conducted a famous study on 1000 children in Bristol, United Kingdom and were the first to describe recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) as the predominant feature of IBS. In 1978, the first diagnostic criteria i.e. the Manning criteria was described. It did not specify any required duration for the symptoms of IBS. The subsequent criteria saw a reduction in the required duration of symptoms to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment. In Rome in 1995, an international group of gastroenterologist defined the diagnostic criteria for IBS and this was published in 1999 under the title of the Rome II criteria. This criteria underwent modification and was described as the Rome III criteria. Since June 2016, the criteria being followed is the Rome IV criteria.
Discovery
- In 1950, the concept of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) was mentioned for the first time without the recognition of any particular etiology, in the Rocky Mountain Medical Journal.
- IBS was described as a psychosomatic disorder, not explained by any biochemical or structural abnormalities.
- In 1958, Apley and Nash conducted a study on 1000 children in Bristol, United Kingdom and were the first to describe Recurrent abdominal pain (RAP), as the predominant feature of IBS.
- Recurrent abdominal pain was defined as pain in the abdomen occurring over a duration of at least 3 months, with the severity enough to cause significant impairment of function.
Classificatiion
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) may be classified according to Rome IV criteria into 4 sub-types based on predominant type of bowel habits:
- IBS with predominant constipation
- IBS with predominant diarrhea
- IBS with mixed bowel habits:
- Alternating patterns of stool passage which is not in conjuncture with the normal bowel movements.
- IBS unclassified:
- Patients who meet the diagnostic criteria for IBS but whose bowel habits do not fit into any of the above subtypes.
- Post infectious IBS (PI-IBS):
- Post-infectious IBS is an additional sub-type that is acute in onset and occurs subsequent to an infectious illness of the gastrointestinal tract. Post-infectious IBS is characterized by two or more of the following:
- Vomiting
- Fever
- Positive stool culture
- Diarrhea
- Post-infectious IBS is an additional sub-type that is acute in onset and occurs subsequent to an infectious illness of the gastrointestinal tract. Post-infectious IBS is characterized by two or more of the following:
| Subtype | Hard or Lumpy Stools | Soft (Mushy) or Watery Stools |
|---|---|---|
| IBS with Constipation | > 25 percent | |
| IBS with Diarrhea | ||
| Mixed IBS | ||
| Unsubtyped IBS |
References
- ↑ Longstreth GF (2005). "Definition and classification of irritable bowel syndrome: current consensus and controversies". Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 34 (2): 173–87. doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2005.02.011. PMID 15862928.