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Cutaneous Reactions Clnical Features Implicated Medications
Exanthems Delayed-type hypersensitivity
Evolve over days after drug initiation
Diffuse macules and papules
Aminopenicillins, antibacterial sulfonamides, cephalosporins, allopurinol, antiepileptic agents
Urticaria/ angioedema Often IgE mediated
Onset within minutes of drug initiation
β-lactam antibiotics, ACE-Is
Fixed drug eruption Hyperpigmented plaques that recur at same skin or mucosal site NSAIDs, tetracyline, carbamezapine
Pustules Acute generalized eczematous pustulosis (AGEP)
Acneiform
AGEP: antibiotics, calcium-channel blockers
Acneiform: corticosteroids, sirolimus
Bullous Flaccid blisters
Tense blisters
Captopril, penicillamine
Furosemide, vancomycin
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) Fever, erosive stomatitis, ocular involvement, purpuric macules on face and trunk with <10% epidermal detachment Antibacterial sulfonamides, anticonvulsants, oxicam NSAIDs, and allopurinol
TEN Similar features as SJS but >30% epidermal detachment
Mortality as high as 50%
Same as SJS
Cutaneous lupus Erythematous/scaly plaques in photodistribution Hydrochlorothiazide, calcium-channel blockers, ACE-Is


Extracutaneous Reactions Clnical Features Implicated Medications
Hematologic Hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, granulocytopenia Penicillin, quinine, sulfonamides
Hepatic Hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice Para-aminosalacylic acid, sulfonamides, phenothiazines
Pulmonary Pneumonitis, fibrosis Nitrofurantoin, bleomycin, methotrexate
Renal Interstitial nephritis, membranous glomerulonephritis Penicillin, sulfonamides, gold, penicillamine, allopurinol


Multiorgan Reactions Clnical Features Implicated Medications
Anaphylaxis Urticaria, angioedema, bronchospasm, gastrointestinal symptoms, hypotension
IgE- and non–IgE-dependent reactions
β-lactam antibiotics, mAbs
DRESS Cutaneous eruption, fever, eosinophilia, hepatic dysfunction, lymphadenopathy Anticonvulsants, sulfonamides, minocycline, allopurinol
Serum Sickness Arthralgias, myalgias, fever, malaise Hydralazine, procainamide, isoniazid
Vasculitis Cutaneous or visceral vasculitis Hydralazine, penicillamine, propylthiouracil


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References

  1. Khan, David A. (2010-02). "Drug allergy". The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 125 (2 Suppl 2): –126-137. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2009.10.028. ISSN 1097-6825. PMID 20176256. Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (help); Check date values in: |date= (help)