Sandbox 09232014: Difference between revisions
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px 5px;" valign=top | Hydralazine, penicillamine, propylthiouracil | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px 5px;" valign=top | Hydralazine, penicillamine, propylthiouracil | ||
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<ref>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.10.028 | issn = 1097-6825 | volume = 125 | issue = 2 Suppl 2 | pages = –126-137 | last = Khan | first = David A. | coauthors = Roland Solensky | title = Drug allergy | journal = The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology | date = 2010-02 | pmid = 20176256 }}</ref> | |||
==References== | |||
{{reflist|2}} | |||
Revision as of 16:26, 23 September 2014
| Cutaneous Reactions | Clnical Features | Implicated Medications |
|---|---|---|
| Exanthems | Diffuse fine macules and papules Evolve over days after drug initiation Delayed-type hypersensitivity |
Allopurinol, aminopenicillins, cephalosporins, antiepileptic agents, and antibacterial sulfonamides |
| Urticaria, angioedema | Onset within minutes of drug initiation Potential for anaphylaxis Often IgE mediated |
IgE mediated: β-lactam antibiotics Bradykinin mediated: ACE-Is |
| Fixed drug eruption | Hyperpigmented plaques Recur at same skin or mucosal site |
Tetracyline, NSAIDs, and carbamezapine |
| Pustules | Aceneiform Acute generalized eczematous pustulosis (AGEP) |
Acneiform: corticosteroids, sirolimus AGEP: antibiotics, calcium-channel blockers |
| Bullous | Tense blisters Flaccid blisters |
Furosemide, vancomycin Captopril, penicillamine |
| SJS | Fever, erosive stomatitis, ocular involvement, purpuric macules on face and trunk with <10% epidermal detachment | Antibacterial sulfonamides, anticonvulsants, oxicam NSAIDs, and allopurinol |
| TEN | Similar features as SJS but >30% epidermal detachment Mortality as high as 50% |
Same as SJS |
| Cutaneous lupus | Erythematous/scaly plaques in photodistribution | Hydrochlorothiazide, calcium-channel blockers, ACE-Is |
| Extracutaneous Reactions | Clnical Features | Implicated Medications |
|---|---|---|
| Hematologic | Hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, granulocytopenia | Penicillin, quinine, sulfonamides |
| Hepatic | Hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice | Para-aminosalacylic acid, sulfonamides, phenothiazines |
| Pulmonary | Pneumonitis, fibrosis | Nitrofurantoin, bleomycin, methotrexate |
| Renal | Interstitial nephritis, membranous glomerulonephritis | Penicillin, sulfonamides, gold, penicillamine, allopurinol |
| Multiorgan Reactions | Clnical Features | Implicated Medications |
|---|---|---|
| Anaphylaxis | Urticaria/angioedema, bronchospasm, gastrointestinal β-lactam antibiotics, mAbs symptoms, hypotension IgE- and non–IgE-dependent reactions |
β-lactam antibiotics, mAbs |
| DRESS | Cutaneous eruption, fever, eosinophilia, hepatic dysfunction, lymphadenopathy | Anticonvulsants, sulfonamides, minocycline, allopurinol |
| Serum Sickness | Arthralgias, myalgias, fever, malaise | Hydralazine, procainamide, isoniazid |
| Vasculitis | Cutaneous or visceral vasculitis | Hydralazine, penicillamine, propylthiouracil |