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==History and Symptoms== | ==History and Symptoms== | ||
Hepatic encephalopathy or portosystemic encephalopathy is a syndrome of largely reversible impairment of brain function occurring in patients with acute or chronic liver failure or when the liver is bypassed by portosystemic shunts.<ref name="pmid30428474">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schulz C, Schütte K, Vilchez-Vargas R, Vasapolli R, Malfertheiner P |title=Long-Term Effect of Rifaximin with and without Lactulose on the Active Bacterial Assemblages in the Proximal Small Bowel and Faeces in Patients with Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy |journal=Dig Dis |volume= |issue= |pages=1–9 |date=November 2018 |pmid=30428474 |doi=10.1159/000494216 |url=}}</ref> | Hepatic encephalopathy or portosystemic encephalopathy is a syndrome of largely reversible impairment of brain function occurring in patients with acute or chronic liver failure or when the liver is bypassed by portosystemic shunts.<ref name="pmid30428474">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schulz C, Schütte K, Vilchez-Vargas R, Vasapolli R, Malfertheiner P |title=Long-Term Effect of Rifaximin with and without Lactulose on the Active Bacterial Assemblages in the Proximal Small Bowel and Faeces in Patients with Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy |journal=Dig Dis |volume= |issue= |pages=1–9 |date=November 2018 |pmid=30428474 |doi=10.1159/000494216 |url=}}</ref>Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a common problem in liver cirrhosis and is associated with typical changes of cerebral metabolite pattern observed by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).<ref name="pmid30427626">{{cite journal |vauthors= |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |date= |pmid=30427626 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
A positive history of Alcohol use and Viral Hepatitis is suggestive of HE. The most common symptoms of Hepatic encephalopathy include cognitive impairment, personality changes and change in consciousness. <ref name="pmid26600154">{{cite journal |vauthors=Shawcross DL, Dunk AA, Jalan R, Kircheis G, de Knegt RJ, Laleman W, Ramage JK, Wedemeyer H, Morgan IE |title=How to diagnose and manage hepatic encephalopathy: a consensus statement on roles and responsibilities beyond the liver specialist |journal=Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=146–52 |date=February 2016 |pmid=26600154 |pmc=4885589 |doi=10.1097/MEG.0000000000000529 |url=}}</ref> | A positive history of Alcohol use and Viral Hepatitis is suggestive of HE. The most common symptoms of Hepatic encephalopathy include cognitive impairment, personality changes and change in consciousness. <ref name="pmid26600154">{{cite journal |vauthors=Shawcross DL, Dunk AA, Jalan R, Kircheis G, de Knegt RJ, Laleman W, Ramage JK, Wedemeyer H, Morgan IE |title=How to diagnose and manage hepatic encephalopathy: a consensus statement on roles and responsibilities beyond the liver specialist |journal=Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=146–52 |date=February 2016 |pmid=26600154 |pmc=4885589 |doi=10.1097/MEG.0000000000000529 |url=}}</ref> | ||
Revision as of 20:38, 15 November 2018
Overview
The majority of patients with Hepatic encephalopathy are asymptomatic.[1]
OR
The hallmark of [disease name] is [finding]. A positive history of [finding 1] and [finding 2] is suggestive of [disease name]. The most common symptoms of [disease name] include [symptom 1], [symptom 2], and [symptom 3]. Common symptoms of [disease] include [symptom 1], [symptom 2], and [symptom 3]. Less common symptoms of [disease name] include [symptom 1], [symptom 2], and [symptom 3].
History and Symptoms
Hepatic encephalopathy or portosystemic encephalopathy is a syndrome of largely reversible impairment of brain function occurring in patients with acute or chronic liver failure or when the liver is bypassed by portosystemic shunts.[2]Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a common problem in liver cirrhosis and is associated with typical changes of cerebral metabolite pattern observed by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).[3]
A positive history of Alcohol use and Viral Hepatitis is suggestive of HE. The most common symptoms of Hepatic encephalopathy include cognitive impairment, personality changes and change in consciousness. [4]
History
Patients with Hepatic Encephalopathy may have a positive history of:
- Viral Hepatitis
- Chronic alcohol use
- History of drug and toxin use
- [History finding 2]
- [History finding 3]
Common Symptoms
Common symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy include:
- Memory impairment
- Personality changes
- Coma
- Jaundice
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a common problem in liver cirrhosis and is associated with typical changes of cerebral metabolite pattern observed by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).[3]
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a common problem in liver cirrhosis and is associated with typical changes of cerebral metabolite pattern observed by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).
Less Common Symptoms
Less common symptoms of [disease name] include
- [Symptom 2]
- [Symptom 3]
References
- ↑ Jeong JH, Kim DK, Lee NS, Jeong YG, Kim HW, Kim JS, Han SY (2018). "Neuroprotective Effect of Nortriptyline in Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy Through Attenuation of Mitochondrial Dysfunction". ASN Neuro. 10: 1759091418810583. doi:10.1177/1759091418810583. PMID 30428281.
- ↑ Schulz C, Schütte K, Vilchez-Vargas R, Vasapolli R, Malfertheiner P (November 2018). "Long-Term Effect of Rifaximin with and without Lactulose on the Active Bacterial Assemblages in the Proximal Small Bowel and Faeces in Patients with Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy". Dig Dis: 1–9. doi:10.1159/000494216. PMID 30428474.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 . PMID 30427626. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ Shawcross DL, Dunk AA, Jalan R, Kircheis G, de Knegt RJ, Laleman W, Ramage JK, Wedemeyer H, Morgan IE (February 2016). "How to diagnose and manage hepatic encephalopathy: a consensus statement on roles and responsibilities beyond the liver specialist". Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 28 (2): 146–52. doi:10.1097/MEG.0000000000000529. PMC 4885589. PMID 26600154.