Sandbox:MGS: Difference between revisions
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== | ===Pathogenesis=== | ||
== | Most breast cancers are epithelial tumors that develop from cells lining ducts or lobules; less common are nonepithelial cancers of the supporting stroma (eg, angiosarcoma, primary stromal sarcomas, phyllodes tumor).<ref name = kk> Breast Cancer. Merck Manual (2015) http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/gynecology-and-obstetrics/breast-disorders/breast-cancer Accessed on January 18, 2016</ref> | ||
*90–95% of all breast cancers in women occur sporadically. | |||
*Breast cancer pathogenesis in combination with exogenous factors such as diet, alcohol and pollution, as well as endogenous factors such as estrogens and progesterone exposures contributes to it. | |||
===Genetics=== | |||
Five to ten percent of all breast cancers arise from germ-line mutations in breast cancer susceptibility genes such as BRCA1, BRCA2, p53 and PTEN.<ref name="pmid24665149">{{cite journal| author=Abdulkareem IH| title=Aetio-pathogenesis of breast cancer. | journal=Niger Med J | year= 2013 | volume= 54 | issue= 6 | pages= 371-5 | pmid=24665149 | doi=10.4103/0300-1652.126284 | pmc=PMC3948957 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24665149 }} </ref> | |||
The BRCA1 gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 17, while BRCA2 is located on the long arm of chromosome 13. Gene-positive patients have an 80% risk of developing breast cancer especially in the pre-menopausal age group. | |||
*The HER-2/neu proto-oncogene amplified and over-expressed in 20–30% of invasive breast cancers, and is associated with poorer outcome and shortened survival. | |||
|- | ===Associated Conditions=== | ||
| | |||
===Gross Pathology=== | |||
===Microscopic Pathology=== | |||
Revision as of 07:05, 19 January 2016
Pathogenesis
Most breast cancers are epithelial tumors that develop from cells lining ducts or lobules; less common are nonepithelial cancers of the supporting stroma (eg, angiosarcoma, primary stromal sarcomas, phyllodes tumor).[1]
- 90–95% of all breast cancers in women occur sporadically.
- Breast cancer pathogenesis in combination with exogenous factors such as diet, alcohol and pollution, as well as endogenous factors such as estrogens and progesterone exposures contributes to it.
Genetics
Five to ten percent of all breast cancers arise from germ-line mutations in breast cancer susceptibility genes such as BRCA1, BRCA2, p53 and PTEN.[2] The BRCA1 gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 17, while BRCA2 is located on the long arm of chromosome 13. Gene-positive patients have an 80% risk of developing breast cancer especially in the pre-menopausal age group.
- The HER-2/neu proto-oncogene amplified and over-expressed in 20–30% of invasive breast cancers, and is associated with poorer outcome and shortened survival.
Associated Conditions
Gross Pathology
Microscopic Pathology
- ↑ Breast Cancer. Merck Manual (2015) http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/gynecology-and-obstetrics/breast-disorders/breast-cancer Accessed on January 18, 2016
- ↑ Abdulkareem IH (2013). "Aetio-pathogenesis of breast cancer". Niger Med J. 54 (6): 371–5. doi:10.4103/0300-1652.126284. PMC 3948957. PMID 24665149.