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===={{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Aneeza Jamshed}}====
===={{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Aneeza Jamshed}}====


==LIBMAN-SACK ENDOCARDITIS:==
=LIBMAN-SACK ENDOCARDITIS:=


===OVERVIEW:===
===OVERVIEW:===
Libman-sack endocarditis is the one of the cardiac manifestations of  autoimmune systemic diseases most commonly [[Systemic lupus erythematosus|Systemic Lupus Erythematosus]]. It may also be a finding in malignancy with the non-bacterial non-thrombotic involvement of the valves, most commonly the aortic and mitral valve. The most common complications include embolic phenomenon like cerebrovascular disease. The disease activity and titer of the antibodies in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus can be linked to Libman-sack Endocarditis<ref name="pmidPMID: 20422938">{{cite journal| author=Carrillo-Esper R, Carrillo-Córdova JR, Carrillo-Córdova LD, Carrillo-Córdova CA| title=[Libman-Sacks endocarditis]. | journal=Gac Med Mex | year= 2010 | volume= 146 | issue= 1 | pages= 67-9 | pmid=PMID: 20422938 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20422938  }} </ref>.
Libman-sack endocarditis is the one of the cardiac manifestations of  autoimmune systemic diseases most commonly [[Systemic lupus erythematosus|Systemic Lupus Erythematosus]]. It may also be a finding in malignancy with the non-bacterial non-thrombotic involvement of the valves, most commonly the aortic and mitral valve. The most common complications include embolic phenomenon like cerebrovascular disease and infective endocarditis with valvular insufficeincy. The disease activity and titer of the antibodies in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus can be linked to Libman-sack Endocarditis<ref name="pmidPMID: 20422938">{{cite journal| author=Carrillo-Esper R, Carrillo-Córdova JR, Carrillo-Córdova LD, Carrillo-Córdova CA| title=[Libman-Sacks endocarditis]. | journal=Gac Med Mex | year= 2010 | volume= 146 | issue= 1 | pages= 67-9 | pmid=PMID: 20422938 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20422938  }} </ref>.


=<nowiki>=</nowiki>=  
===HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES:===
<ref name="pmid27261907">{{cite journal| author=Mao Y, Yang D, He J, Krasna MJ| title=Epidemiology of Lung Cancer. | journal=Surg Oncol Clin N Am | year= 2016 | volume= 25 | issue= 3 | pages= 439-45 | pmid=27261907 | doi=10.1016/j.soc.2016.02.001 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27261907 }} </ref> ===
Libman and Sack in 1924, first coined this term for the sterile verrucous vegetations of the mitral and aortic valves in patients of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus<ref name="pmidPMID: 19089657">{{cite journal| author=Lee JL, Naguwa SM, Cheema GS, Gershwin ME| title=Revisiting Libman-Sacks endocarditis: a historical review and update. | journal=Clin Rev Allergy Immunol | year= 2009 | volume= 36 | issue= 2-3 | pages= 126-30 | pmid=PMID: 19089657 | doi=10.1007/s12016-008-8113-y | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19089657 }} </ref>.
[[File:Atypical Bcell gif.gif|thumb|200px|none|High-power field of peripheral blood smear revealing a large, atypical B cell with mild cytoplasmic expansion, coarse chromatin, multiple distinct nucleoli and peripheral vacuolation.[https://openi.nlm.nih.gov/detailedresult.php?img=PMC2944189_1752-1947-4-300-2&query=waldenstrom+macroglobulinaemia&it=xg&req=4&npos=17 Source: Charakidis M. et al, Department of Haematology-Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Tasmania, 7000, Australia.]]]
 
<br />
 
=== PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: ===




Revision as of 12:07, 4 April 2021

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aneeza Jamshed, M.B.B.S.[2]

LIBMAN-SACK ENDOCARDITIS:

OVERVIEW:

Libman-sack endocarditis is the one of the cardiac manifestations of autoimmune systemic diseases most commonly Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. It may also be a finding in malignancy with the non-bacterial non-thrombotic involvement of the valves, most commonly the aortic and mitral valve. The most common complications include embolic phenomenon like cerebrovascular disease and infective endocarditis with valvular insufficeincy. The disease activity and titer of the antibodies in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus can be linked to Libman-sack Endocarditis[1].

HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES:

Libman and Sack in 1924, first coined this term for the sterile verrucous vegetations of the mitral and aortic valves in patients of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus[2].


PATHOPHYSIOLOGY:

Classification of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) and Related Disorders
Criteria Symptomatic WM Asymptomatic WM IgM-Related Disorders MGUS
IgM monoclonal protein + + + +
Bone marrow infiltration + + - -
Symptoms attributable to IgM + - + -
Symptoms attributable to tumor infiltration + - - -


Libman-Sacks endocarditis Microchapters

Overview

Historical Perspective

Pathophysiology

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Differentiating Libman-Sacks Endocarditis from other Diseases



Reference

  1. ↑ Carrillo-Esper R, Carrillo-Córdova JR, Carrillo-Córdova LD, Carrillo-Córdova CA (2010). "[Libman-Sacks endocarditis]". Gac Med Mex. 146 (1): 67–9. PMID 20422938 PMID: 20422938 Check |pmid= value (help).
  2. ↑ Lee JL, Naguwa SM, Cheema GS, Gershwin ME (2009). "Revisiting Libman-Sacks endocarditis: a historical review and update". Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 36 (2–3): 126–30. doi:10.1007/s12016-008-8113-y. PMID 19089657 PMID: 19089657 Check |pmid= value (help).
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