Sacrococcygeal teratoma classification: Difference between revisions

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*Distant metastasis may involve liver
*Distant metastasis may involve liver
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==Grade==
According to Gonzalez-Crussi System, Sacrococcygeal teratoma is graded on a scale from 0-3, based on the histology:<ref name = "cs">Myers LB, Bulich LA. Anesthesia for Fetal Intervention and Surgery. PMPH-USA; 2005.</ref><ref name = "ad">{{cite journal |vauthors=Harms D, Zahn S, Göbel U, Schneider DT |title=Pathology and molecular biology of teratomas in childhood and adolescence |journal=Klin Padiatr |volume=218 |issue=6 |pages=296–302 |year=2006 |pmid=17080330 |doi=10.1055/s-2006-942271 |url=}}</ref>
*Grade 0-Tumour contains only mature tissue.
*Grade 1-Tumour contains rare foci of immature tissues; <10%>
*Grade 2-Tumour contains moderate quantities of immature tissues.(10-50%)
*Grade 3-Tumour contains large quantities of immature tissue with or without malignant yolk sac elements.(>50%)


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 16:08, 21 December 2015

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mirdula Sharma, MBBS [2]

Overview

Sacrococcygeal teratoma is classified into four different categories according to American Academy of Pediatrics Surgery classification based upon the anatomical location of the tumor.[1][2] Subtypes of sacrococcygeal teratoma have different staging systems based on the size and growth of the tumor, lymph node involvement, and the presence of metastasis.[3]

Classification Based Upon Anatomical Location

American Academy of Pediatrics Surgery Section System classifies Sacrococcygeal teratoma depending on the anatomical location of the tumor. [1][2]

Stage Features

Type I

  • Predominantly exterior; with minimal pelvic involvement

Type II

  • Predominantly external; with significant intrapelvic growth giving "hour-glass" appearance

Type III

  • Predominantly internal; withh intra-abdominal involvement

Type IV

  • Entirely pre-sacral; without external growth

Classification Based Upon Pathology

  • Benign - Mature[4]
  • Malignant - Immature

Staging of Sacrococcygeal Teratoma

Subtypes of sacrococcygeal teratoma have different staging systems based on the size and growth of the tumor, lymph node involvement, and the presence of metastasis.[3]

Stage Features

Stage I

  • Complete resection; negative tumor margins

Stage II

  • Microscopic residuals; lymph node negative

Stage III

  • Lymph node involvement; Gross residual on biopsy; retroperitoneal node may be positive or negative

Stage IV

  • Distant metastasis may involve liver

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Puri P, Höllwarth ME. Pediatric Surgery, Diagnosis and Management. Springer Science & Business Media; 2009.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Myers LB, Bulich LA. Anesthesia for Fetal Intervention and Surgery. PMPH-USA; 2005.
  3. 3.0 3.1 DeVita VT, Lawrence TS, Rosenberg SA. DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg's Cancer, Principles & Practice of Oncology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008.
  4. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/sacrococcygeal-teratoma

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