ST elevation myocardial infarction magnesium therapy

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Myocardial infarction
ICD-10 I21-I22
ICD-9 410
DiseasesDB 8664
MedlinePlus 000195
eMedicine med/1567  emerg/327 ped/2520

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]

Please Join in Editing This Page and Apply to be an Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [3] to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the entire topic or as an Associate Editor-In-Chief for a subtopic. Please be sure to attach your CV and or biographical sketch.

Poential Mechanism of Action

Magnesium administration is associated with vasodilation and some mild antiplatelet effects. Magnesium administation is useful in the managment of Torsades de pointes.

Randomized Trial Data

The safety and effectiveness of magnesium in the management of STEMI patients was evaluated in a series of 15 studies enrolling 68,684 patients between 1980 and 2002. The randomized data does not support the routine administration of magnesium to patients with ST elevation MI. [1]

Indications

Magnesium can continue to be administered for repletion of documented electrolyte deficits and life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias such as torsade de pointes.[2][3]

ACC / AHAGuidelines (DO NOT EDIT)[1]

Class IIa

1. It is reasonable that documented magnesium deficits be corrected, especially in patients receiving diuretics before the onset of STEMI. (Level of Evidence: C)

2. It is reasonable that episodes of torsade de pointes type VT associated with a prolonged QT interval be treated with 1 to 2 grams of magnesium administered as an IV bolus over 5 minutes. (Level of Evidence: C)

Class III

1. In the absence of documented electrolyte deficits or torsade de pointes type VT, routine intravenous magnesium should not be administered to STEMI patients at any level of risk. (Level of Evidence: A)

Sources

  • The 2004 ACC/AHA Guidelines for the Management of Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction [1]
  • The 2007 Focused Update of the ACC/AHA 2004 Guidelines for the Management of Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction [4]

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Antman EM, Anbe DT, Armstrong PW, Bates ER, Green LA, Hand M, Hochman JS, Krumholz HM, Kushner FG, Lamas GA, Mullany CJ, Ornato JP, Pearle DL, Sloan MA, Smith SC, Alpert JS, Anderson JL, Faxon DP, Fuster V, Gibbons RJ, Gregoratos G, Halperin JL, Hiratzka LF, Hunt SA, Jacobs AK (2004). "ACC/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee to Revise the 1999 Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction)". Circulation. 110 (9): e82–292. PMID 15339869. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  2. Woods KL, Abrams K (2002). "The importance of effect mechanism in the design and interpretation of clinical trials: the role of magnesium in acute myocardial infarction". Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 44 (4): 267–74. PMID 12007082.
  3. Antman EM, Anbe DT, Armstrong PW; et al. (2004). "ACC/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction--executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 1999 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction)". Circulation. 110 (5): 588–636. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000134791.68010.FA. PMID 15289388. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  4. Antman EM, Hand M, Armstrong PW; et al. (2008). "2007 Focused Update of the ACC/AHA 2004 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines: developed in collaboration With the Canadian Cardiovascular Society endorsed by the American Academy of Family Physicians: 2007 Writing Group to Review New Evidence and Update the ACC/AHA 2004 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Writing on Behalf of the 2004 Writing Committee". Circulation. 117 (2): 296–329. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.188209. PMID 18071078. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

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