STC1

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External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
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Stanniocalcin-1 is a glycoprotein, a homologue of a hormone stanniocalcin, first discovered in bony fishes. In humans it is encoded by the STC1 gene.[1][2]

Function

This gene encodes a secreted, homodimeric glycoprotein that is expressed in a wide variety of tissues and may have autocrine or paracrine functions. Human Stanniocalcin-1 is a putative molecular biomarker of leukemic microenvironment and the only molecular function known up to date is a SUMO E3 ligase activity in the SUMOylation cycle. STC1 interacts with lots of proteins in the cytoplasm, mitochondria, endoplasmatic reticulum and dot-like fashion in the nucleus. The N-terminal region of STC1 is the function region which is responsible to establish the interaction with its partners, including SUMO1.[3] Low resolution studies shows that STC1 is an anti-parallel homodimer in solution and the cystein 202 is responsible for the dimerization of this protein. All the 5 dissulfide bonds of human STC1 are conserved and has the same profile of fish STC.[4] The gene contains a 5' UTR rich in CAG trinucleotide repeats. The encoded protein contains 11 conserved cysteine residues and is phosphorylated by protein kinase C exclusively on its serine residues. The protein may play a role in the regulation of renal and intestinal calcium and phosphate transport, cell metabolism, or cellular calcium/phosphate homeostasis. Overexpression of human stanniocalcin 1 in mice produces high serum phosphate levels, dwarfism, and increased metabolic rate. This gene has altered expression in hepatocellular, ovarian, and breast cancers.[2]

References

  1. Chang AC, Jeffrey KJ, Tokutake Y, Shimamoto A, Neumann AA, Dunham MA, Cha J, Sugawara M, Furuichi Y, Reddel RR (Feb 1998). "Human stanniocalcin (STC): genomic structure, chromosomal localization, and the presence of CAG trinucleotide repeats". Genomics. 47 (3): 393–8. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.5120. PMID 9480753.
  2. 2.0 2.1 "Entrez Gene: STC1 stanniocalcin 1".
  3. dos Santos MT, Trindade DM, Gonçalves Kde A, Bressan GC, Anastassopoulos F, Yunes JA, Kobarg J (Jan 2011). "Human stanniocalcin-1 interacts with nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins and acts as a SUMO E3 ligase". Molecular bioSystems. 7 (1): 180–93. doi:10.1039/c0mb00088d. PMID 21042649.
  4. Trindade DM, Silva JC, Navarro MS, Torriani IC, Kobarg J (Aug 27, 2009). "Low-resolution structural studies of human Stanniocalcin-1". BMC Structural Biology. 9: 57. doi:10.1186/1472-6807-9-57. PMC 2744999. PMID 19712479.

Further reading