Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction pulmonary subvalvular stenosis: Difference between revisions

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*Galen described the membranes of the [[valves]] and named them as "semilunar".
*Galen described the membranes of the [[valves]] and named them as "semilunar".
*Mondino de Luzzi designed the sketch of the [[pulmonary valves]] in the anatomical position for the first time.
*Mondino de Luzzi designed the sketch of the [[pulmonary valves]] in the anatomical position for the first time.
*Realdo Colombo described the [[pulmonary circulation]] for the first time.


== Clinical Features ==
== Clinical Features ==

Revision as of 14:51, 20 April 2020

Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction Microchapters

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Patient Information

Overview

Anatomy of Pulmonary Valve

Classification

Pulmonary valve stenosis
Pulmonary subvalvular stenosis
Pulmonary supravalvular stenosis
Pulmonary atresia

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Electrocardiogram

Chest X Ray

Echocardiography

Cardiac Catheterization

Pulmonary Angiography

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Indications For Surgery

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Pre-Operative A/P

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Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Special Scenarios

Pulmonary artery conduits/Prosthetic Valves

Double-Chambered Right Ventricle

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Case #1

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]; Associate Editor-in-Chief: Keri Shafer, M.D. [3]

Anatomy

  • There is hypertrophy of the infundibular muscle causing obstruction. [1]
  • The isolated form is rare, more commonly develops in response to an underlying VSD. [2]

Historical Perspective

  • The pulmonary valve and its function of allowing blood to the lungs for nourishment was first described by Hippocrates.
  • Erasistratus, mentioned the function of the pulmonary valve in the unidirectional flow.
  • Galen described the membranes of the valves and named them as "semilunar".
  • Mondino de Luzzi designed the sketch of the pulmonary valves in the anatomical position for the first time.
  • Realdo Colombo described the pulmonary circulation for the first time.

Clinical Features

  • Similar to valvar pulmonic stenosis. [3]
  • Aortic stenosis was probably first described by Lazare Riviere (1589-1655), a French physician in 1663. [4] [5]
  • No poststenotic dilation of the pulmonary artery in contrast to valvar pulmonic stenosis.
  • Aortic stenosis was probably first described by Lazare Riviere (1589-1655), a French physician in 1663. [6]

References

  1. Pierpont ME, Basson CT, Benson DW, Gelb BD, Giglia TM, Goldmuntz E; et al. (2007). "Genetic basis for congenital heart defects: current knowledge: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Congenital Cardiac Defects Committee, Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young: endorsed by the American Academy of Pediatrics". Circulation. 115 (23): 3015–38. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.183056. PMID 17519398.
  2. Schmoldt A, Benthe HF, Haberland G, Raffle A, Gray J, MacDonald HR, Ehrhart IC, Parker PE, Weidner WJ, Dabney JM, Scott JB, Haddy FJ, Gatzy JT (September 1975). "Digitoxin metabolism by rat liver microsomes". Biochem. Pharmacol. 24 (17): 1639–41. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.6001.93-a. PMC 5922622. PMID 10.
  3. Nazari S, Carli F, Salvi S, Banfi C, Aluffi A, Mourad Z; et al. (2000). "Patterns of systolic stress distribution on mitral valve anterior leaflet chordal apparatus. A structural mechanical theoretical analysis". J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino). 41 (2): 193–202. PMID 10901521.
  4. Neilson GH, Galea EG, Hossack KF (August 1978). "Thromboembolic complications of mitral valve disease". Aust N Z J Med. 8 (4): 372–6. doi:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1978.tb04904.x. PMID 282850.
  5. Lugiano, CA. (2013). "Aortic stenosis". JAAPA. 26 (11): 46–7. doi:10.1097/01.JAA.0000436518.69169.8e. PMID 24153092. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  6. Baumgartner H, Hung J, Bermejo J, Chambers JB, Evangelista A, Griffin BP; et al. (2009). "Echocardiographic assessment of valve stenosis: EAE/ASE recommendations for clinical practice". J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 22 (1): 1–23, quiz 101-2. doi:10.1016/j.echo.2008.11.029. PMID 19130998.

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