Rhodamine

Revision as of 15:42, 20 August 2012 by WikiBot (talk | contribs) (Robot: Automated text replacement (-{{SIB}} +, -{{EH}} +, -{{EJ}} +, -{{Editor Help}} +, -{{Editor Join}} +))
(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)
Jump to navigation Jump to search

WikiDoc Resources for Rhodamine

Articles

Most recent articles on Rhodamine

Most cited articles on Rhodamine

Review articles on Rhodamine

Articles on Rhodamine in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ

Media

Powerpoint slides on Rhodamine

Images of Rhodamine

Photos of Rhodamine

Podcasts & MP3s on Rhodamine

Videos on Rhodamine

Evidence Based Medicine

Cochrane Collaboration on Rhodamine

Bandolier on Rhodamine

TRIP on Rhodamine

Clinical Trials

Ongoing Trials on Rhodamine at Clinical Trials.gov

Trial results on Rhodamine

Clinical Trials on Rhodamine at Google

Guidelines / Policies / Govt

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Rhodamine

NICE Guidance on Rhodamine

NHS PRODIGY Guidance

FDA on Rhodamine

CDC on Rhodamine

Books

Books on Rhodamine

News

Rhodamine in the news

Be alerted to news on Rhodamine

News trends on Rhodamine

Commentary

Blogs on Rhodamine

Definitions

Definitions of Rhodamine

Patient Resources / Community

Patient resources on Rhodamine

Discussion groups on Rhodamine

Patient Handouts on Rhodamine

Directions to Hospitals Treating Rhodamine

Risk calculators and risk factors for Rhodamine

Healthcare Provider Resources

Symptoms of Rhodamine

Causes & Risk Factors for Rhodamine

Diagnostic studies for Rhodamine

Treatment of Rhodamine

Continuing Medical Education (CME)

CME Programs on Rhodamine

International

Rhodamine en Espanol

Rhodamine en Francais

Business

Rhodamine in the Marketplace

Patents on Rhodamine

Experimental / Informatics

List of terms related to Rhodamine


File:Rhodamine 123.svg
Rhodamine 123 (hydrochloride)

Rhodamine (Template:IPAEng) is a family of related chemical compounds, fluorone dyes. Examples are Rhodamine 6G and Rhodamine B. They are used as a dye and as a dye laser gain medium. It is often used as a tracer dye within water to determine the rate and direction of flow and transport. Rhodamine dyes fluoresce and can thus be detected easily and inexpensively with instruments called fluorometers. Rhodamine dyes are used extensively in biotechnology applications such as fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and ELISA.

Rhodamine dyes are generally toxic, and are soluble in water, methanol and ethanol.

Rhodamine B

Rhodamine 6G

Rhodamine 123

The laser dye rhodamine 123 is also used in biochemistry to inhibit mitochondrion function. Rhodamine 123 seems to bind to the mitochondrion membranes and inhibit transport processes, especially the electron transport chain, thus slowing down inner respiration. It is a substrate of P-glycoprotein (Pgp), which is usually overexpressed in cancer cells. Recent reports indicate that rhodamine 123 may be also a substrate of multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP), or more specifically, MRP1.

Other Rhodamine Derivatives

There are many rhodamine derivatives used for imaging purposes, for example tetramethylrhodamine (TAMRA) and its isothiocyanate derivative (TRITC) and, sulforhodamine 101 (and its sulfonyl chloride form Texas Red) and Rhodamine Red. TRITC is the base rhodamine molecule functionalized with an isothiocyanate group (-N=C=S), replacing a hydrogen atom on the bottom ring of the structure. This derivative is reactive towards amine groups on proteins inside cells. A succinimidyl-ester functional group attached to the rhodamine core, creating NHS-rhodamine, forms another common amine-reactive derivative.

Other derivatives of rhodamine include newer fluorophores such as Alexa 546, Alexa 555, Alexa 633, DyLight 549 and DyLight 633, have been tailored for various chemical and biological applications where higher photostability, increased brightness, different spectral characteristics, or different attachment groups are needed.

External links


de:Rhodamine

Template:WH Template:WS