Rhinitis
| Rhinitis | |
| ICD-10 | J00, J30, J31.0 |
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| ICD-9 | 472.0 |
| DiseasesDB | 26380 |
| MeSH | D012220 |
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Rhinitis Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Rhinitis On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Rhinitis |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Synonyms and keywords: runny nose; drippy nose; rhinorrhoea; nasal discharge; nose catarrh; catarrh
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Rhinitis can be broadly classified into allergic and nonallergic rhinitis, however, some forms of rhinitis cannot be easily classified into these two categories.[1] A comprehensive classification of rhinitis based on the etiology is depicted below:
| Classification of Rhinitis[1][2] | ||
|---|---|---|
| Class | Types/causes | |
| Allergic rhinitis | US Joint Task Force on Practice Parameters(JTF) classification of allergic rhinitis | Seasonal |
| Perennial | ||
| Episodic | ||
| Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma(ARIA) classification of allergic rhinitis | Intermittent | |
| Persistent | ||
| Nonallergic rhinitis | Vasomotor rhinitis | Irritant triggered |
| Cold air/Dry air | ||
| Exercise | ||
| Emotional | ||
| Undetermined or poorly defined triggers | ||
| Gustatory rhinitis | ||
| Infectious | Acute | |
| Chronic | ||
| NARES
(Nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome) |
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| Occupational rhinitis | IgE-mediated
(caused by protein and chemical allergens) |
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| Immune mechanism uncertain
(caused by chemical respiratory sensitizers) |
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| Work-aggravated rhinitis | ||
| Other rhinitis syndromes | Hormonally induced | Gestational |
| Menstrual cycle related | ||
| Drug-induced | Rhinitis medicamentosa | |
| Oral contraceptives | ||
| Antihypertensives and cardiovascular agents | ||
| Aspirin/NSAIDs | ||
| Other drugs | ||
| Atrophic rhinitis | ||
| Rhinitis associated with inflammatory-immunologic disorders | Granulomatous infections | |
| Wegener granulomatosis | ||
| Sarcoidosis | ||
| Midline granuloma | ||
| Churg-Strauss | ||
| Relapsing polychondritis | ||
| Amyloidosis | ||
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Rhinitis from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Chest X Ray | CT | Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
See also
Template:Respiratory pathology
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Wallace DV, Dykewicz MS, Bernstein DI, Blessing-Moore J, Cox L, Khan DA; et al. (2008). "The diagnosis and management of rhinitis: an updated practice parameter". J Allergy Clin Immunol. 122 (2 Suppl): S1–84. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2008.06.003. PMID PMID:18662584 Check
|pmid=value (help). - ↑ Sacre-Hazouri JA (2012). "[Chronic rhinosinusitis in children]". Rev Alerg Mex. 59 (1): 16–24. PMID 24007929 PMID: 24007929 Check
|pmid=value (help).