Relapsing fever natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Complications

• Coma
• Facial droop
• Liver dysfunction
• Meningitis
• Myocarditis -- may lead to arrhythmias
• Pneumonia
• Seizures
• Shock related to taking antibiotics (Jarisch - Herxheimer's reaction, in which the rapid death of very large numbers of Borrelia organisms induces shock)
• Weakness
• Widespread bleeding

Prognosis

The death rate for untreated LBRF ranges from 10 - 70%. In TBRF, it is 4 -10%. With early treatment, the death rate is reduced. Those who have developed coma, myocarditis, liver problems, or pneumonia are more likely to die.