Propionic acidemia epidemiology and demographics

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Overview

Propionic acidemia, also known as propionic aciduria, propionyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency and ketotic glycinemia,[1] is an autosomal recessive[2] metabolic disorder, classified as a branched-chain organic acidemia.[3] The disorder presents in the early neonatal period with progressive encephalopathy. Death can occur quickly, due to secondary hyperammonemia, infection, cardiomyopathy, or basal ganglial stroke.[4] Propionic acidemia is a rare disorder that is inherited from both parents. Being autosomal recessive, neither parent shows symptoms, but both carry a defective gene responsible for this disease. It takes two faulty genes to cause PA, so there is a 1 in 4 chance for these parents to have a child with PA.

Genetic prevalence

Propionic acidemia is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern and is found in about 1 in 35,000[5] live births in the United States. The condition appears to be more common in Saudi Arabia,[6] with a frequency of about 1 in 3,000.[5] The condition also appears to be common in Amish, Mennonite and other populations where inbreeding is common.[7]

References

  1. ↑ Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) 606054
  2. ↑ Ravn K; Chloupkova M; Christensen E; Brandt NJ; Simonsen H; Kraus JP; Nielsen IM; Skovby F; Schwartz M (July 2000). "High incidence of propionic acidemia in greenland is due to a prevalent mutation, 1540insCCC, in the gene for the beta-subunit of propionyl CoA carboxylase". American Journal of Human Genetics. 67 (1): 203–206. doi:10.1086/302971. PMC 1287078. PMID 10820128.
  3. ↑ Deodato F, Boenzi S, Santorelli FM, Dionisi-Vici C (2006). "Methylmalonic and propionic aciduria". Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet. 142 (2): 104–112. doi:10.1002/ajmg.c.30090. PMID 16602092.
  4. ↑ Hamilton RL, Haas RH, Nyhan WC, Powell HC, Grafe MR (1995). "Neuropathology of propionic acidemia: a report of two patients with basal ganglia lesions". Journal of Child Neurology. 10 (1): 25–30. doi:10.1177/088307389501000107. PMID 7769173.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 http://mayoresearch.mayo.edu/mayo/research/barry_lab/ropionic-Aciademia.cfm
    Barry Lab - Vector and Virus Engineering. Gene therapy for Propionic Acidemia
  6. ↑ Al-Odaib AN, Abu-Amaro KK, Ozand PT, Al-Hellani AM (2003). "A new era for preventive genetic programs in the Arabian Peninsula". Saudi Medical Journal. 24 (11): 1168–1175. PMID 14647548.
  7. ↑ Kidd JR, Wolf B, Hsia E, Kidd KK (1980). "Genetics of propionic acidemia in a Mennonite-Amish kindred". Am J Hum Genet. 32 (2): 236–245. PMC 1686010. PMID 7386459.
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