Pancreatic cancer causes: Difference between revisions
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==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
*Pancreatic cancer may be caused by | *Pancreatic cancer may be caused by the following: | ||
** | **Inactivation of [[Tumor suppressor gene|tumor suppressor genes]] | ||
**Activation of [[Oncogene|oncogenes]] | |||
**Deregulation of molecules in various [[Signal transduction|signaling pathways]] | |||
<br/> | |||
*'''Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes:''' | |||
**[[Tumor suppressor gene|Tumor suppressor genes]] may be inactivated by: | |||
***[[Mutation]] | |||
***[[Methylation|Hypermethylation]] | |||
***[[Deletion (genetics)|Deletion]] | |||
**'''Tumor suppressor genes:''' | |||
***'''p53''' | |||
***'''p16''' | |||
***'''p27CIP1''' | |||
***'''BRCA2''' | |||
<br/> | |||
*Activation of [[Oncogene|oncogenes]] | |||
**Oncogenes may be activated by: | |||
***[[Amplification]] | |||
***[[Point mutation]] | |||
**'''[[Oncogenes]]:''' | |||
***'''Ras oncogene''' | |||
***'''Cox-2 activation''' | |||
***'''Akt-2 gene amplification''' | |||
***'''Notch gene''' | |||
***'''cyclin D1''' | |||
<br/> | |||
*Deregulation of molecules in various [[Signal transduction|signaling pathways]]: | |||
**Genomic alterations of [[EGFR]] include the following: | |||
***[[Deletion (genetics)|Deletion]] | |||
***Over-expression | |||
***Rearrangement | |||
***[[Mutation]] | |||
**'''Deregulation of NF-κB signalling:''' | |||
**'''Deregulation of Akt signaling''' | |||
**'''Deregulation of Hedgehog signaling''' | |||
Revision as of 21:20, 14 November 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aravind Reddy Kothagadi M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Causes
- Pancreatic cancer may be caused by the following:
- Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes
- Activation of oncogenes
- Deregulation of molecules in various signaling pathways
- Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes:
- Tumor suppressor genes may be inactivated by:
- Tumor suppressor genes:
- p53
- p16
- p27CIP1
- BRCA2
- Activation of oncogenes
- Oncogenes may be activated by:
- Oncogenes:
- Ras oncogene
- Cox-2 activation
- Akt-2 gene amplification
- Notch gene
- cyclin D1
- Deregulation of molecules in various signaling pathways: