Osimertinib

{{DrugProjectFormSinglePage |authorTag=Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vishal Devarkonda, M.B.B.S[2] |aOrAn=a |indicationType=treatment |indication=Osimertinib is indicated for the treatment of patients with metastatic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) T790M mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as detected by an FDA-approved test, who have progressed on or after EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy.

This indication is approved under accelerated approval based on tumor response rate and duration of response. Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in confirmatory trials. |blackBoxWarningTitle=TITLE |blackBoxWarningBody=Condition Name: (Content) |fdaLIADAdult=Osimertinib Patient Selection Confirm the presence of a T790M EGFR mutation in tumor or, in the absence of tumor, plasma specimens prior to initiation of treatment with Osimertinib. Testing for the presence of the mutation in plasma specimens is recommended only in patients for whom a tumor biopsy cannot be obtained. If this mutation is not detected in a plasma specimen, re-evaluate the feasibility of biopsy for tumor tissue testing. Information on FDA-approved tests for the detection of T790M mutations is available at HTTP://WWW.FDA.GOV/COMPANIONDIAGNOSTICS. Recommended Dosage Regimen The recommended dose of Osimertinib is 80 mg tablet once a day until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Osimertinib can be taken with or without food.

If a dose of Osimertinib is missed, do not make up the missed dose and take the next dose as scheduled.

Administration to Patients Who Have Difficulty Swallowing Solids Disperse tablet in 60 mL (2 ounces) of non-carbonated water only. Stir until tablet is dispersed into small pieces (the tablet will not completely dissolve) and swallow immediately. Do not crush, heat, or ultrasonicate during preparation. Rinse the container with 120 mL to 240 mL (4 to 8 ounces) of water and immediately drink.

If administration via naso-gastric tube is required, disperse the tablet as above in 15 mL of non-carbonated water, and then use an additional 15 mL of water to transfer any residues to the syringe. The resulting 30 mL liquid should be administered as per the nasogastric tube instructions with appropriate water flushes (approximately 30 mL).

• Dosage Modification

|offLabelAdultGuideSupport=There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Osimertinib in adult patients. |offLabelAdultNoGuideSupport=There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Osimertinib in adult patients. |offLabelPedGuideSupport=There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Osimertinib in pediatric patients. |offLabelPedNoGuideSupport=There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Osimertinib in pediatric patients. |warnings=Interstitial Lung Disease/Pneumonitis Across clinical trials, interstitial lung disease (ILD)/pneumonitis occurred in 3.3% (n=27) of TAGRISSO treated patients (n=813); 0.5% (n=4) were fatal.

Withhold TAGRISSO and promptly investigate for ILD in any patient who presents with worsening of respiratory symptoms which may be indicative of ILD (e.g., dyspnea, cough and fever). Permanently discontinue TAGRISSO if ILD is confirmed.

QTc Interval Prolongation The heart rate-corrected QT (QTc) interval prolongation occurs in patients treated with TAGRISSO. Of the 411 patients in Study 1 and Study 2, one patient (0.2%) was found to have a QTc greater than 500 msec, and 11 patients (2.7%) had an increase from baseline QTc greater than 60 msec.

In Study 1 and 2, patients with baseline QTc of 470 msec or greater were excluded. Conduct periodic monitoring with ECGs and electrolytes in patients with congenital long QTc syndrome, congestive heart failure, electrolyte abnormalities, or those who are taking medications known to prolong the QTc interval. Permanently discontinue TAGRISSO in patients who develop QTc interval prolongation with signs/symptoms of life-threatening arrhythmia.

Cardiomyopathy Across clinical trials, cardiomyopathy (defined as cardiac failure, pulmonary edema, ejection fraction decreased or stress cardiomyopathy) occurred in 1.4% (n=11) of TAGRISSO treated patients (n=813); 0.2% (n=2) were fatal.

In Study 1 and Study 2, Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) decline >10% and a drop to <50% occurred in 2.4% (9/375) of patients who had baseline and at least one follow-up LVEF assessment.

Assess LVEF by echocardiogram or multigated acquisition (MUGA) scan before initiation of TAGRISSO and then at 3 month intervals while on treatment. Withhold treatment with TAGRISSO if ejection fraction decreases by 10% from pretreatment values and is less than 50%. For symptomatic congestive heart failure or persistent, asymptomatic LV dysfunction that does not resolve within 4 weeks, permanently discontinue TAGRISSO.

5.4 Embryo-Fetal Toxicity Based on data from animal studies and its mechanism of action, TAGRISSO can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. In animal reproduction studies, osimertinib caused post-implantation fetal loss when administered during early development at a dose exposure 1.5 times the exposure at the recommended human dose. When males were treated prior to mating with untreated females, there was an increase in preimplantation embryonic loss at plasma exposures of approximately 0.5-times those observed in patients at the 80 mg dose level.

Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus.

Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with TAGRISSO and for 6 weeks after the final dose. Advise males with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception for 4 months after the final dose |clinicalTrials=Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

The data described below reflect exposure to TAGRISSO (80 mg daily) in 411 patients with EGFR T790M mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer who received prior EGFR TKI therapy, in two single-arm studies, Study 1 and Study 2. Patients with a past medical history of ILD or radiation pneumonitis that required steroid treatment, serious arrhythmia or baseline QTc interval greater than 470 ms were excluded from Study 1 and Study 2. Baseline patient and disease characteristics were: median age 63 years, 13% of patients were ≥75 years old, female (68%), White (36%), Asian (60%), metastatic (96%), sites of brain metastases (39%), World Health Organization (WHO) performance status of 0 (37%) or 1 (63%), 1 prior line of therapy [EGFR-TKI treatment only, second line, chemotherapy-naïve (31%)], 2 or more prior lines of therapy (69%). Of the 411 patients, 333 patients were exposed to TAGRISSO for at least 6 months; 97 patients were exposed for at least 9 months; however, no patient was exposed to TAGRISSO for 12 months.

In Studies 1 and 2, the most common (>20%) adverse reactions (all grades) observed in TAGRISSO-treated patients were diarrhea (42%), rash (41%), dry skin (31%), and nail toxicity (25%). Dose reductions occurred in 4.4% of patients treated with TAGRISSO. The most frequent adverse reactions that led to dose reductions or interruptions were: electrocardiogram QTc prolonged (2.2%) and neutropenia (1.9%). Serious adverse reactions reported in 2% or more patients were pneumonia and pulmonary embolus. There were 4 patients (1%) treated with TAGRISSO who developed fatal adverse reactions of ILD/pneumonitis. Other fatal adverse reactions occurring in more than 1 patient included pneumonia (4 patients) and CVA/cerebral hemorrhage (2 patients). Discontinuation of therapy due to adverse reactions occurred in 5.6% of patients treated with TAGRISSO. The most frequent adverse reactions that led to discontinuation were ILD/pneumonitis and cerebrovascular accidents/infarctions.

Tables 2 and 3 summarize the common adverse reactions and laboratory abnormalities observed in TAGRISSO-treated patients. |drugInteractions=Strong CYP3A4 Inducers If concurrent use is unavoidable, increase Osimertinib dosage to 160 mg daily when coadministering with a strong CYP3A inducer. Resume Osimertinib at 80 mg 3 weeks after discontinuation of the strong CYP3A4 inducer.

Effect of Other Drugs on TAGRISSO in Clinical Pharmacokinetic Studies

Strong CYP3A Inducers: The steady-state AUC of osimertinib was reduced by 78% in patients when coadministered with rifampin (600 mg daily for 21 days) in a clinical pharmacokinetic study [see DRUG INTERACTIONS (7.1)].

Strong CYP3A Inhibitors: Coadministering TAGRISSO with 200 mg itraconazole twice daily (a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor) had no clinically significant effect on the exposure of osimertinib (AUC increased by 24% and Cmax decreased by 20%).

Gastric Acid Reducing Agents: The exposure of osimertinib was not affected by concurrent administration of a single 80 mg TAGRISSO tablet following 40 mg omeprazole administration for 5 days.

Effect of Osimertinib on Other Drugs in Clinical Pharmacokinetic Studies

BCRP substrates: Coadministering TAGRISSO with rosuvastatin (a BCRP substrate) increased rosuvastatin AUC by 35% and Cmax by 72% in a clinical pharmacokinetic study [see DRUG INTERACTIONS (7.2)].

CYP3A4 substrates: Coadministering TAGRISSO with simvastatin (a CYP3A4 substrate) had no clinically significant effect on the exposure of simvastatin in a clinical pharmacokinetic study.

In Vitro Studies

CYP450 Metabolic Pathways: Osimertinib does not inhibit CYP1A2, 2A6, 2B6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6 and 2E1. Osimertinib induced CYP1A2 enzymes.

Transporter Systems: Osimertinib is a substrate of P-glycoprotein and BCRP and is not a substrate of OATP1B1 and OATP1B3. Osimertinib is an inhibitor of BCRP and does not inhibit P-glycoprotein, OAT1, OAT3, OATP1B1, OATP1B3, MATE1, MATE2K and OCT2. |useInPregnancyFDA=Pregnancy Risk Summary

Based on data from animal studies and its mechanism of action, TAGRISSO can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. There are no available data on TAGRISSO use in pregnant women. Administration of osimertinib to pregnant rats was associated with embryolethality and reduced fetal growth at plasma exposures 1.5 times the exposure at the recommended human dose [see DATA]. Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus.

In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically-recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively.

Data

Animal Data

When administered to pregnant rats prior to embryonic implantation through the end of organogenesis (gestation days 2-20) at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day, which produced plasma exposures of approximately 1.5 times the clinical exposure, osimertinib caused post-implantation loss and early embryonic death. When administered to pregnant rats from implantation through the closure of the hard palate (gestation days 6 to 16) at doses of 1 mg/kg/day and above (0.1-times the AUC observed in patients at the recommended dose of 80 mg), an equivocal increase in the rate of fetal malformations and variations was observed in treated litters relative to those of concurrent controls. When administered to pregnant dams at doses of 30 mg/kg/day during organogenesis through lactation Day 6, osimertinib caused an increase in total litter loss and postnatal death. At a dose of 20 mg/kg/day, osimertinib administration during the same period resulted in increased postnatal death as well as a slight reduction in mean pup weight at birth that increased in magnitude between lactation days 4 and 6. |useInGeri=Geriatric Use One hundred eighty-seven (45%) of the 411 patients in clinical trials of TAGRISSO were 65 years of age and older, and 54 patients (13%) were 75 years of age and older. No overall differences in effectiveness were observed based on age. Exploratory analysis suggests a higher incidence of Grade 3 and 4 adverse reactions (32% versus 25%) and more frequent dose modifications for adverse reactions (23% versus 17%) in patients 65 years or older as compared to those younger than 65 years. |useInRenalImpair=Renal Impairment No dose adjustment is recommended in patients with mild [creatinine clearance (CLcr) 60-89 mL/min, as estimated by the Cockcroft Gault method (C-G)] or moderate (CLcr 30-59 mL/min, as estimated by C-G) renal impairment. There is no recommended dose of TAGRISSO for patients with severe renal impairment (CLcr <30 mL/min) or end-stage renal disease |useInHepaticImpair=Hepatic Impairment No dose adjustment is recommended in patients with mild hepatic impairment [total bilirubin less than or equal to upper limit of normal (ULN) and AST greater than ULN or total bilirubin between 1.0 to 1.5 times ULN and any AST]. There is no recommended dose for TAGRISSO for patients with moderate or severe hepatic impairment |useInReproPotential=Females and Males of Reproductive Potential Contraception

Females

Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with TAGRISSO and for 6 weeks after the final dose [see USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS (8.1)].

Males

Advise male patients with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during and for 4 months following the final dose of TAGRISSO [see NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY (13.1)].

Infertility

Based on animal studies, TAGRISSO may impair fertility in females and males of reproductive potential. The effects on female fertility showed a trend toward reversibility. It is not known whether the effects on male fertility are reversible [see NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY (13.1)]. |othersTitle=Lactation |useInOthers=There are no data on the presence of osimertinib in human milk, the effects of osimertinib on the breastfed infant or on milk production. Administration to rats during gestation and early lactation was associated with adverse effects, including reduced growth rates and neonatal death [see USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS (8.1)]. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in breastfed infants from osimertinib, advise a lactating woman not to breastfeed during treatment with TAGRISSO and for 2 weeks after the final dose. |drugBox={{Drugbox2 | verifiedrevid = | IUPAC_name = N-(2-{2-dimethylaminoethyl-methylamino}-4-methoxy-5-{[4-(1-methylindol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}phenyl)prop-2-enamide | image = Osimertinib.svg | width = 250

| tradename = Tagrisso, Tagrix | Drugs.com = tagrisso | MedlinePlus = | licence_EU = | licence_US = | pregnancy_US = | legal_UK = | legal_US = Rx-only | routes_of_administration = Oral tablets

| bioavailability = | protein_bound = Probably high | metabolism = Oxidation (CYP3A) | elimination_half-life = 48 hours | excretion = Feces (68%), urine (14%)

| IUPHAR_ligand = | CAS_number_Ref = | CAS_number = 1421373-65-0 | ATC_prefix = L01 | ATC_suffix = XE35 | PubChem = 71496458 | DrugBank_Ref = | DrugBank = DB09330 | ChemSpiderID_Ref = | ChemSpiderID = 31042598 | UNII_Ref = | UNII = 3C06JJ0Z2O | KEGG_Ref = | KEGG = D10766 | ChEMBL_Ref = | ChEMBL = | ChEBI_Ref =  ^Y | ChEBI = 90943 | synonyms = AZD9291

| C = 28 | H = 33 | N = 7 | O = 2 | smiles = CN1C=C(C2=CC=CC=C21)C3=NC(=NC=C3)NC4=C(C=C(C(=C4)NC(=O)C=C)N(C)CCN(C)C)OC | StdInChI=1S/C28H33N7O2/c1-7-27(36)30-22-16-23(26(37-6)17-25(22)34(4)15-14-33(2)3)32-28-29-13-12-21(31-28)20-18-35(5)24-11-9-8-10-19(20)24/h7-13,16-18H,1,14-15H2,2-6H3,(H,30,36)(H,29,31,32) | StdInChIKey = DUYJMQONPNNFPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N | StdInChI_Ref = | StdInChIKey_Ref = }} |mechAction=Osimertinib is a kinase inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which binds irreversibly to certain mutant forms of EGFR (T790M, L858R, and exon 19 deletion) at approximately 9-fold lower concentrations than wild-type. In cultured cells and animal tumor implantation models, osimertinib exhibited anti-tumor activity against NSCLC lines harboring EGFR-mutations (T790M/L858R, L858R, T790M/exon 19 deletion, and exon 19 deletion) and, to a lesser extent, wild-type EGFR amplifications. Two pharmacologically-active metabolites (AZ7550 and AZ5104 circulating at approximately 10% of the parent) with similar inhibitory profiles to osimertinib have been identified in the plasma after oral administration of osimertinib. AZ7550 showed a similar potency to osimertinib, while AZ5104 showed greater potency against exon 19 deletion and T790M mutants (approximately 8-fold) and wild-type (approximately 15-fold) EGFR. In vitro, osimertinib also inhibited the activity of HER2, HER3, HER4, ACK1, and BLK at clinically relevant concentrations. |PD=Cardiac Electrophysiology

The QTc interval prolongation potential of osimertinib was assessed in 210 patients who received TAGRISSO 80 mg daily in Study 2. A central tendency analysis of the QTcF data at steady-state demonstrated that the maximum mean change from baseline was 16.2 msec (upper bound of two-sided 90% confidence interval (CI) 17.6 msec). A pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis in Study 2 suggested a concentration-dependent QTc interval prolongation of 14 msec (upper bound of two-sided 90% CI: 16 msec) at a dose of TAGRISSO 80 mg. |PK=Pharmacokinetics The area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) and maximal plasma concentration (Cmax) of osimertinib increased dose proportionally over 20 to 240 mg dose range (i.e., 0.25 to 3 times the recommended dosage) after oral administration and exhibited linear pharmacokinetics (PK). Administration of TAGRISSO orally once daily resulted in approximately 3-fold accumulation with steady state exposures achieved after 15 days of dosing. At steady state, the Cmax to Cmin (minimal concentration) ratio was 1.6-fold.

Absorption

The median time to Cmax of osimertinib was 6 hours (range 3-24 hours).

Following administration of a 20 mg TAGRISSO tablet with a high-fat, high-calorie meal (containing approximately 58 grams of fat and 1000 calories), the Cmax and AUC of osimertinib were comparable to that under fasting conditions.

Distribution

The mean volume of distribution at steady-state (Vss/F) of osimertinib was 986 L. Plasma protein binding of osimertinib is likely high based on its physiochemical properties.

Elimination

Osimertinib plasma concentrations decreased with time and a population estimated mean half-life of osimertinib was 48 hours, and oral clearance (CL/F) was 14.2 (L/h).

Metabolism

The main metabolic pathways of osimertinib were oxidation (predominantly CYP3A) and dealkylation in vitro. Two pharmacologically active metabolites (AZ7550 and AZ5104) have been identified in the plasma after TAGRISSO oral administration. The geometric mean exposure (AUC) of each metabolite (AZ5104 and AZ7550) was approximately 10% of the exposure of osimertinib at steady-state.

Excretion

Osimertinib is primarily eliminated in the feces (68%) and to a lesser extent in the urine (14%). Unchanged osimertinib accounted for approximately 2% of the elimination.

Specific Populations

No clinically significant differences in the pharmacokinetics of osimertinib were observed based on age, sex, ethnicity, body weight, smoking status, mild (CLcr 60-89 mL/min, as estimated by C-G) or moderate (CLcr 30-59 mL/min, as estimated by C-G) renal impairment, or mild hepatic impairment (total bilirubin less than or equal to ULN and AST greater than ULN or total bilirubin between 1 to 1.5 times ULN and any AST). The pharmacokinetics of osimertinib in patients with severe renal impairment (CLcr less than 30 mL/min) or with moderate to severe hepatic impairment (moderate: total bilirubin between 1.5 to 3 times ULN and any AST, and severe: total bilirubin between 3 to 10 times ULN and any AST) are unknown. |alcohol=Alcohol-Osimertinib interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor about the effects of taking alcohol with this medication. }}