Neuromuscular disease: Difference between revisions
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Neuromuscular diseases are those that affect the muscles and/or their nervous control. In general, problems with nervous control can cause [[spasticity]] or [[paralysis]], depending on the location and nature of the problem. A large proportion of [[neurological disorder]]s leads to problems with movement, ranging from [[cerebrovascular accident]] (stroke) and [[Parkinson's disease]] to [[Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease]]. | Neuromuscular diseases are those that affect the muscles and/or their nervous control. In general, problems with nervous control can cause [[spasticity]] or [[paralysis]], depending on the location and nature of the problem. A large proportion of [[neurological disorder]]s leads to problems with movement, ranging from [[cerebrovascular accident]] (stroke) and [[Parkinson's disease]] to [[Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease]]. | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
* Diseases of the [[motor end plate]] include | * Diseases of the [[motor end plate]] include | ||
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** [[Tetanus]] | ** [[Tetanus]] | ||
** [[Botulism]] | ** [[Botulism]] | ||
* The [[myopathy|myopathies]] are all diseases affecting the muscle itself, rather than its nervous control. | * The [[myopathy|myopathies]] are all diseases affecting the muscle itself, rather than its nervous control. | ||
** [[Muscular dystrophy]] leads to progressive loss of strength, high dependence and decreased life span. | ** [[Muscular dystrophy]] leads to progressive loss of strength, high dependence and decreased life span. | ||
| Line 41: | Line 31: | ||
*** [[Dermatomyositis]] | *** [[Dermatomyositis]] | ||
*** [[Inclusion body myositis]] | *** [[Inclusion body myositis]] | ||
** Other causes | ** Other causes | ||
*** [[Tumor]]s of muscle | *** [[Tumor]]s of muscle | ||
**** Smooth muscle: [[leiomyoma]] (benign, very common in the [[uterus]]), [[leiomyosarcoma]] (malignant, very rare) | **** Smooth muscle: [[leiomyoma]] (benign, very common in the [[uterus]]), [[leiomyosarcoma]] (malignant, very rare) | ||
**** Striated muscle: [[rhabdomyoma]] (benign) and [[rhabdomyosarcoma]] (malignant) - both very rare | **** Striated muscle: [[rhabdomyoma]] (benign) and [[rhabdomyosarcoma]] (malignant) - both very rare | ||
**** [[Metastasis]] from elsewhere (e.g. [[lung cancer]]) | **** [[Metastasis]] from elsewhere (e.g. [[lung cancer]]) | ||
*** Injury [[Injury|Injuries]] - of muscles include [[wound]]s and [[strain]]s. | |||
==Symptoms== | |||
*** | Symptoms of muscle disease may include | ||
* [[Weakness]] or | |||
* [[Spasticity]]/[[rigidity]] | |||
* [[Myoclonus]] | |||
* [[myalgia]] ([[muscle pain]]). | |||
==Laboratory Findings== | |||
Diagnostic procedures that may reveal muscular disorders include testing [[creatine kinase]] levels in the blood and [[electromyography]] (measuring electrical activity in muscles). | |||
== ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for Management of Patients With Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death (DO NOT EDIT) <ref name="pmid16935995">{{cite journal| author=Zipes DP, Camm AJ, Borggrefe M, Buxton AE, Chaitman B, Fromer M et al.| title=ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for Management of Patients With Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (writing committee to develop Guidelines for Management of Patients With Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death): developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society. | journal=Circulation | year= 2006 | volume= 114 | issue= 10 | pages= e385-484 | pmid=16935995 | doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.178233 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16935995}}</ref> == | |||
=== Recommendations for Neuromuscular Disorders === | |||
{|class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:LightGreen"|[[ACC AHA Guidelines Classification Scheme#Classification of Recommendations|Class I]] | |||
|- | |||
| bgcolor="LightGreen"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''1.''' Patients with neuromuscular disorders who have ventricular arrhythmias should generally be treated in the same manner as patients without neuromuscular disorders. ([[ACC AHA Guidelines Classification Scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: A]]). <nowiki>"</nowiki> | |||
|} | |||
{|class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:LemonChiffon"|[[ACC AHA Guidelines Classification Scheme#Classification of Recommendations|Class IIa]] | |||
|- | |||
|bgcolor="LemonChiffon"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''1.''' Permanent pacemaker insertion may be considered for neuromuscular diseases such as myotonic muscular dystrophy, Kearns-Sayre syndrome, Erb dystrophy, and peroneal muscular atrophy with any degree of AV block (including first-degree AV block) with or without symptoms, because there may be unpredictable progression of AV conduction disease. ''([[ACC AHA Guidelines Classification Scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: B]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki> | |||
|} | |||
== | ==Related Chapters== | ||
*[[Muscle]] | *[[Muscle]] | ||
*[[ICD-10_Chapter_XIII:_Diseases_of_the_musculoskeletal_system_and_connective_tissue]] | *[[ICD-10_Chapter_XIII:_Diseases_of_the_musculoskeletal_system_and_connective_tissue]] | ||
*[[Centronuclear myopathy (including myotubular myopathy)|Centronuclear myopathy]] | |||
*[[Centronuclear myopathy (including myotubular myopathy)|Myotubular myopathy]] | |||
==References== | |||
{{reflist|2}} | |||
[[Category:Muscular system]] | [[Category:Muscular system]] | ||
[[nl:Spierziekte]] | [[nl:Spierziekte]] | ||
{{WikiDoc Sources}} | {{WikiDoc Sources}} | ||
Latest revision as of 13:17, 5 October 2012
| Neuromuscular disease | |
| MeSH | D009468 |
|---|---|
Overview
Neuromuscular disease is a very broad term that encompasses many diseases and ailments that either directly (via intrinsic muscle pathology) or indirectly (animal muscle in general.
Neuromuscular diseases are those that affect the muscles and/or their nervous control. In general, problems with nervous control can cause spasticity or paralysis, depending on the location and nature of the problem. A large proportion of neurological disorders leads to problems with movement, ranging from cerebrovascular accident (stroke) and Parkinson's disease to Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
Causes
- Diseases of the motor end plate include
- Myasthenia gravis, a form of muscle weakness due to antibodies to the acetylcholine receptor, and its related condition
- Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS)
- Tetanus
- Botulism
- The myopathies are all diseases affecting the muscle itself, rather than its nervous control.
- Muscular dystrophy leads to progressive loss of strength, high dependence and decreased life span.
- [Inflammatory]] muscle disorders
- Polymyalgia rheumatica (or "muscle rheumatism") is an inflammatory condition that mainly occurs in the elderly
- Polymyositis
- Dermatomyositis
- Inclusion body myositis
- Other causes
- Tumors of muscle
- Smooth muscle: leiomyoma (benign, very common in the uterus), leiomyosarcoma (malignant, very rare)
- Striated muscle: rhabdomyoma (benign) and rhabdomyosarcoma (malignant) - both very rare
- Metastasis from elsewhere (e.g. lung cancer)
- Injury Injuries - of muscles include wounds and strains.
- Tumors of muscle
Symptoms
Symptoms of muscle disease may include
Laboratory Findings
Diagnostic procedures that may reveal muscular disorders include testing creatine kinase levels in the blood and electromyography (measuring electrical activity in muscles).
ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for Management of Patients With Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death (DO NOT EDIT) [1]
Recommendations for Neuromuscular Disorders
| Class I |
| "1. Patients with neuromuscular disorders who have ventricular arrhythmias should generally be treated in the same manner as patients without neuromuscular disorders. (Level of Evidence: A). " |
| Class IIa |
| "1. Permanent pacemaker insertion may be considered for neuromuscular diseases such as myotonic muscular dystrophy, Kearns-Sayre syndrome, Erb dystrophy, and peroneal muscular atrophy with any degree of AV block (including first-degree AV block) with or without symptoms, because there may be unpredictable progression of AV conduction disease. (Level of Evidence: B)" |
Related Chapters
- Muscle
- ICD-10_Chapter_XIII:_Diseases_of_the_musculoskeletal_system_and_connective_tissue
- Centronuclear myopathy
- Myotubular myopathy
References
- ↑ Zipes DP, Camm AJ, Borggrefe M, Buxton AE, Chaitman B, Fromer M; et al. (2006). "ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for Management of Patients With Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (writing committee to develop Guidelines for Management of Patients With Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death): developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society". Circulation. 114 (10): e385–484. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.178233. PMID 16935995.