Multiple myeloma differential diagnosis

Multiple myeloma Microchapters
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Multiple Myeloma from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Criteria
Staging
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Electrocardiogram
X Ray
Echocardiograph and Ultrasound
CT
MRI
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Case #1
Multiple myeloma differential diagnosis On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
Powerpoint slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Multiple myeloma differential diagnosis All Images X-rays Echo and Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Multiple myeloma differential diagnosis
CDC on Multiple myeloma differential diagnosis
Multiple myeloma differential diagnosis in the news
Blogs on Multiple myeloma differential diagnosis
Directions to Hospitals Treating Multiple myeloma
Risk calculators and risk factors for Multiple myeloma differential diagnosis

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [2] Shyam Patel [3]

Overview

Multiple myeloma must be differentiated from osteoporosis, osteomalacia, scurvy, osteogenesis imperfecta, and homocystinuria. Each condition has unique causes, features, and treatments.

Differentiating Multiple Myeloma from other Diseases

• The table below summarizes how to differentiate multiple myeloma from other conditions that have a similar presentation:

Differential Diagnosis Causes Features Therapy Multiple myeloma Chromosomal aberrations or other genetic insults Malignant transformation of plasma cells Clonal plasma cell proliferation Diffuse bone pain and tenderness with osteolytic lesions Renal failure Hypercalcemia Anemia Induction chemotherapy with bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone Bisphosphonates RANK ligand inhibitors (denosumab) Autologous stem cell transplantation Osteoporosis Imbalance between bone resorption and bone formation Preceded by osteopenia Decreased bone mineral density Acute musculoskletal pain if fractures develop Severe decrease in BMD on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) test T score less than -2.5 on DEXA scan Calcium and vitamin D supplementation Bisphosphonates Weight-bearing exercise Teriparatide RANK ligand inhibitors (denosumab) Osteomalacia Inadequate mineralization of bone Deficiencies in vitamin D, calcium, or phosphorus Renal tubular acidosis Malabsorption Diffuse bone pain, fatigue, and fractures Low bone mineral density (BMD) Hypocalcemia Vitamin D3 supplementation Scurvy Vitamin C deficiency Malabsorption Hemodialysis Gum disease Loose teeth Easy bruising Vitamin C supplementation Citrus fruits Osteogenesis imperfecta Mutations in COL1A1 or COL1A2 Impaired type I collagen synthesis Short stature, scoliosis, and propensity for fractures Blue discoloration of sclera Bisphosphonates Physical therapy Surgical fixation of brittle bones Genetic counseling for offspring Homocystinuria Deficiency of cystathione beta synthase Deficiency of folate, vitamin B12, or vitamin B6 Diffuse bone pain and musculoskeletal symptoms High-dose vitamin B6 supplementation Betaine supplementation

References

Template:WikiDoc Sources