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{{Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance}}
{{Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance}}
{{CMG}} [[User:Okamal|Omer Kamal, M.D.]] [Mailto:okamal@bidmc.harvard.edu| <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>]
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} [[User:Okamal|Omer Kamal, M.D.]] [Mailto:okamal@bidmc.harvard.edu]


{{SK}} Benign monoclonal gammopathy; MGUS; monoclonal gammopathy, benign
{{SK}} Benign monoclonal gammopathy; MGUS; monoclonal gammopathy


==[[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance overview|Overview]]==
==[[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance overview|Overview]]==
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==[[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance classification|Classification]]==
==[[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance classification|Classification]]==
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) may be classified according to cytogenetic differences into subtypes/groups based on translocations. There is no established system for the staging of Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS).
==[[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
==[[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
Pathologically, the lesion in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance is in fact very similar to that in [[multiple myeloma]]. What causes monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance to transform into [[multiple myeloma]] is as yet unknown.
==[[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance causes|Causes]]==
==[[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance causes|Causes]]==
The most common causes of [[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance classification]] are genetic mutations in genes like [[cyclin D1]], FGFR-3, MMSET, C-MAF, and MAFB.  
==[[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance differential diagnosis|Differentiating Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance from other Diseases]]==
==[[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance differential diagnosis|Differentiating Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance from other Diseases]]==
Several other illnesses can present with a monoclonal gammopathy, and the monoclonal protein may be the first discovery before a formal diagnosis is made like [[multiple myeloma]], [[HIV AIDS|AIDS]], [[chronic lymphocytic leukemia]], [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma|non-Hodgkin Lymphoma]], particularly [[splenic marginal zone lymphoma]] and lymphoplasmocytic lymphoma.
==[[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
==[[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
The incidence of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance is approximately 120 per 100,000 in men at age 50, and goes to 530 per 1000 by the age 90. Women, however, have 60 cases per 1000 at age 50 which goes upto 370 per 1000 at age 90. The prevalence of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance is different in different populations.
==[[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
==[[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
Common risk factors in the development of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance include African american race, age, male sex, family history, history of immunosuppression and exposure to [[Pesticide|pesticides]].


==[[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance screening|Screening]]==
==[[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance screening|Screening]]==
There is no role of screening in patients for monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance
==[[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
==[[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
Frequent complications of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance include fractures specially in [[lumbar]] vertebrae and [[Thromboembolic disease|thromboembolic]] phenomena. MGUS, is considered as a pre-malignant condition, and its transformation to [[multiple myeloma]]. However, as it mostly occurs in elderly, and its slow rate of progression, only a small proportion of people go on to develop a [[haematological malignancy|hematological malignancy]]. In patients with MGUS, although the actuarial risk of myeloma at 25 years of follow-up is 30%, the actual risk (when competing causes of death are taken into account) is only 11%.
==Diagnosis==
==Diagnosis==
[[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance diagnostic study of choice|Diagnostic Study of Choice]] | [[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance history and symptoms| History and Symptoms]] | [[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance physical examination | Physical Examination]] | [[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance x ray|X Ray]] |  [[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance CT|CT]] | [[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance MRI|MRI]] | [[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance ultrasound|Ultrasound]] | [[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
[[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance diagnostic study of choice|Diagnostic Study of Choice]] | [[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance history and symptoms| History and Symptoms]] | [[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance physical examination | Physical Examination]] | [[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance x ray|X Ray]] |  [[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance CT|CT]] | [[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance MRI|MRI]] | [[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance ultrasound|Ultrasound]] | [[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]

Latest revision as of 13:41, 24 October 2019

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance
ICD-10 D47.2
ICD-9 273.1
DiseasesDB 1341
MeSH D008998

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Omer Kamal, M.D. [2]

Synonyms and keywords: Benign monoclonal gammopathy; MGUS; monoclonal gammopathy

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Electrocardiogram | X Ray | CT | MRI | Ultrasound | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

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Case #1


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