Molluscum contagiosum epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The prevalence of molluscum contagiosum is estimated to be around 8000 cases per 100,000 annually. Molluscum contagiosum is a common disease that tends to affect children and immunocompromised adults. Among children, boys and girls are affected equally by molluscum contagiosum. In adulthood, molluscum contagiosum is more prevalent in men than women . There is no racial predilection to molluscum contagiosum. | The prevalence of molluscum contagiosum is estimated to be around 8000 cases per 100,000 annually. Molluscum contagiosum is a common disease that tends to affect children and [[immunocompromised]] adults. Among children, boys and girls are affected equally by molluscum contagiosum. In adulthood, molluscum contagiosum is more prevalent in men than women . There is no racial predilection to molluscum contagiosum. | ||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
===Prevalence=== | ===Prevalence=== | ||
Worldwide, the prevalence of molluscum contagiosum in children aged 0-16 year ranges from 5000 to 11500 per 100,000 persons with an average prevalence of 8000 per 100,000 persons.<ref name="pmid24297468">{{cite journal |vauthors=Olsen JR, Gallacher J, Piguet V, Francis NA |title=Epidemiology of molluscum contagiosum in children: a systematic review |journal=Fam Pract |volume=31 |issue=2 |pages=130–6 |year=2014 |pmid=24297468 |doi=10.1093/fampra/cmt075 |url=}}</ref> | * Worldwide, the prevalence of molluscum contagiosum in children aged 0-16 year ranges from 5000 to 11500 per 100,000 persons with an average prevalence of 8000 per 100,000 persons.<ref name="pmid24297468">{{cite journal |vauthors=Olsen JR, Gallacher J, Piguet V, Francis NA |title=Epidemiology of molluscum contagiosum in children: a systematic review |journal=Fam Pract |volume=31 |issue=2 |pages=130–6 |year=2014 |pmid=24297468 |doi=10.1093/fampra/cmt075 |url=}}</ref> | ||
===Incidence=== | ===Incidence=== | ||
Worldwide, the incidence of molluscum contagiosum is 1200-1400 per 100,000 persons per year.<ref name="pmid24297468">{{cite journal |vauthors=Olsen JR, Gallacher J, Piguet V, Francis NA |title=Epidemiology of molluscum contagiosum in children: a systematic review |journal=Fam Pract |volume=31 |issue=2 |pages=130–6 |year=2014 |pmid=24297468 |doi=10.1093/fampra/cmt075 |url=}}</ref> | * Worldwide, the incidence of molluscum contagiosum is 1200-1400 per 100,000 persons per year.<ref name="pmid24297468">{{cite journal |vauthors=Olsen JR, Gallacher J, Piguet V, Francis NA |title=Epidemiology of molluscum contagiosum in children: a systematic review |journal=Fam Pract |volume=31 |issue=2 |pages=130–6 |year=2014 |pmid=24297468 |doi=10.1093/fampra/cmt075 |url=}}</ref> | ||
* Outbreaks of molluscum contagiosum have occurred in different settings like swimming pools, but the exact information about outbreaks is not available due to the subclinical manifestations leading to under reporting. | |||
===Case Fatality Rate=== | ===Case Fatality Rate=== | ||
Data on the case fatality rate of molluscum contagiosum is not available. Molluscum contagiosum only can lead to fatality in immunocompromised adults, which may be associated with other [[Opportunistic infection|opportunistic infections]] and thus the fatality rate is difficult to determine.<ref name="pmid10210787">{{cite journal |vauthors=Calista D, Boschini A, Landi G |title=Resolution of disseminated molluscum contagiosum with Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) in patients with AIDS |journal=Eur J Dermatol |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=211–3 |year=1999 |pmid=10210787 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid1610701">{{cite journal |vauthors=Koopman RJ, van Merriënboer FC, Vreden SG, Dolmans WM |title=Molluscum contagiosum; a marker for advanced HIV infection |journal=Br. J. Dermatol. |volume=126 |issue=5 |pages=528–9 |year=1992 |pmid=1610701 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | * Data on the case fatality rate of molluscum contagiosum is not available. Molluscum contagiosum only can lead to fatality in [[immunocompromised]] adults, which may be associated with other [[Opportunistic infection|opportunistic infections]] and thus the [[fatality rate]] is difficult to determine.<ref name="pmid10210787">{{cite journal |vauthors=Calista D, Boschini A, Landi G |title=Resolution of disseminated molluscum contagiosum with Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) in patients with AIDS |journal=Eur J Dermatol |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=211–3 |year=1999 |pmid=10210787 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid1610701">{{cite journal |vauthors=Koopman RJ, van Merriënboer FC, Vreden SG, Dolmans WM |title=Molluscum contagiosum; a marker for advanced HIV infection |journal=Br. J. Dermatol. |volume=126 |issue=5 |pages=528–9 |year=1992 |pmid=1610701 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
===Age=== | ===Age=== | ||
| Line 20: | Line 21: | ||
*The prevalence of molluscum contagiosum decreases with age.<ref name="pmid28521677">{{cite journal |vauthors=Leung AK, Barankin B, Hon KL |title=Molluscum contagiosum: an update |journal=Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov |volume= |issue= |pages= |year=2017 |pmid=28521677 |doi=10.2174/1872213X11666170518114456 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid24297468">{{cite journal |vauthors=Olsen JR, Gallacher J, Piguet V, Francis NA |title=Epidemiology of molluscum contagiosum in children: a systematic review |journal=Fam Pract |volume=31 |issue=2 |pages=130–6 |year=2014 |pmid=24297468 |doi=10.1093/fampra/cmt075 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16384754">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dohil MA, Lin P, Lee J, Lucky AW, Paller AS, Eichenfield LF |title=The epidemiology of molluscum contagiosum in children |journal=J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. |volume=54 |issue=1 |pages=47–54 |year=2006 |pmid=16384754 |doi=10.1016/j.jaad.2005.08.035 |url=}}</ref> | *The prevalence of molluscum contagiosum decreases with age.<ref name="pmid28521677">{{cite journal |vauthors=Leung AK, Barankin B, Hon KL |title=Molluscum contagiosum: an update |journal=Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov |volume= |issue= |pages= |year=2017 |pmid=28521677 |doi=10.2174/1872213X11666170518114456 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid24297468">{{cite journal |vauthors=Olsen JR, Gallacher J, Piguet V, Francis NA |title=Epidemiology of molluscum contagiosum in children: a systematic review |journal=Fam Pract |volume=31 |issue=2 |pages=130–6 |year=2014 |pmid=24297468 |doi=10.1093/fampra/cmt075 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16384754">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dohil MA, Lin P, Lee J, Lucky AW, Paller AS, Eichenfield LF |title=The epidemiology of molluscum contagiosum in children |journal=J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. |volume=54 |issue=1 |pages=47–54 |year=2006 |pmid=16384754 |doi=10.1016/j.jaad.2005.08.035 |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Incidence first peaks in preschool/school-aged children, with the greatest incidence being in those aged 1-4 years.<ref name="pmid25161331">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kalasannavar SB, Sawalgimath MP |title=Molluscum contagiosum: A novel Ayurvedic approach |journal=Anc Sci Life |volume=33 |issue=1 |pages=49–51 |year=2013 |pmid=25161331 |pmc=4140023 |doi=10.4103/0257-7941.134606 |url=}}</ref> | *Incidence first peaks in preschool/school-aged children, with the greatest incidence being in those aged 1-4 years.<ref name="pmid25161331">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kalasannavar SB, Sawalgimath MP |title=Molluscum contagiosum: A novel Ayurvedic approach |journal=Anc Sci Life |volume=33 |issue=1 |pages=49–51 |year=2013 |pmid=25161331 |pmc=4140023 |doi=10.4103/0257-7941.134606 |url=}}</ref> | ||
*If diagnosed in adults, molluscum contagiosum will most commonly be seen in the 18 to 20 | *If diagnosed in adults, molluscum contagiosum will most commonly be seen in the 18 to 20 year age group.<ref name="pmid14996374">{{cite journal |vauthors=Laxmisha C, Thappa DM, Jaisankar TJ |title=Clinical profile of molluscum contagiosum in children versus adults |journal=Dermatol. Online J. |volume=9 |issue=5 |pages=1 |year=2003 |pmid=14996374 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
===Gender=== | ===Gender=== | ||
*Among children, boys and girls are affected equally by molluscum contagiosum. | *Among children, boys and girls are affected equally by molluscum contagiosum. | ||
*In adulthood, molluscum contagiosum is more prevalent in men than women . | *In adulthood, molluscum contagiosum is more prevalent in men than in women . | ||
*The male to female ratio is approximately 3 to 1 <ref name="pmid6687557">{{cite journal |vauthors= |title=Sexually transmitted diseases. Extract from the annual report of the Chief Medical Officer of the Department of Health and Social Security of the year 1980 |journal=Br J Vener Dis |volume=59 |issue=2 |pages=134–7 |year=1983 |pmid=6687557 |pmc=1046157 |doi= |url=}}</ref>. A high proportion of the studied subjects were HIV-positive adults.<ref name="pmid5921341">{{cite journal |vauthors=Overfield TM, Brody JA |title=An epidemiologic study of molluscum contagiosum in Anchorage, Alaska |journal=J. Pediatr. |volume=69 |issue=4 |pages=640–2 |year=1966 |pmid=5921341 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid7928025">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gottlieb SL, Myskowski PL |title=Molluscum contagiosum |journal=Int. J. Dermatol. |volume=33 |issue=7 |pages=453–61 |year=1994 |pmid=7928025 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | *The male to female ratio is approximately 3 to 1 <ref name="pmid6687557">{{cite journal |vauthors= |title=Sexually transmitted diseases. Extract from the annual report of the Chief Medical Officer of the Department of Health and Social Security of the year 1980 |journal=Br J Vener Dis |volume=59 |issue=2 |pages=134–7 |year=1983 |pmid=6687557 |pmc=1046157 |doi= |url=}}</ref>. A high proportion of the studied subjects were HIV-positive adults.<ref name="pmid5921341">{{cite journal |vauthors=Overfield TM, Brody JA |title=An epidemiologic study of molluscum contagiosum in Anchorage, Alaska |journal=J. Pediatr. |volume=69 |issue=4 |pages=640–2 |year=1966 |pmid=5921341 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid7928025">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gottlieb SL, Myskowski PL |title=Molluscum contagiosum |journal=Int. J. Dermatol. |volume=33 |issue=7 |pages=453–61 |year=1994 |pmid=7928025 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
===Race=== | ===Race=== | ||
There is no racial predilection to molluscum contagiosum.<ref name="pmid9952381">{{cite journal |vauthors=Konya J, Thompson CH |title=Molluscum contagiosum virus: antibody responses in persons with clinical lesions and seroepidemiology in a representative Australian population |journal=J. Infect. Dis. |volume=179 |issue=3 |pages=701–4 |year=1999 |pmid=9952381 |doi=10.1086/314620 |url=}}</ref> | * There is no racial predilection to molluscum contagiosum.<ref name="pmid9952381">{{cite journal |vauthors=Konya J, Thompson CH |title=Molluscum contagiosum virus: antibody responses in persons with clinical lesions and seroepidemiology in a representative Australian population |journal=J. Infect. Dis. |volume=179 |issue=3 |pages=701–4 |year=1999 |pmid=9952381 |doi=10.1086/314620 |url=}}</ref> | ||
===Geographic Distribution=== | ===Geographic Distribution=== | ||
There are no geographic predispositions to molluscum contagiosum. | * There are no geographic predispositions to molluscum contagiosum. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Dermatology]] | [[Category:Dermatology]] | ||
[[Category:Poxviruses]] | [[Category:Poxviruses]] | ||
[[Category:Sexually transmitted diseases]] | [[Category:Sexually transmitted diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Needs content]] | [[Category:Needs content]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Emergency mdicine]] | ||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | |||
[[Category:Infectious disease]] | |||
[[Category:Otolaryngology]] | |||
Latest revision as of 22:45, 29 July 2020
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Molluscum contagiosum Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mahshid Mir, M.D. [2]
Overview
The prevalence of molluscum contagiosum is estimated to be around 8000 cases per 100,000 annually. Molluscum contagiosum is a common disease that tends to affect children and immunocompromised adults. Among children, boys and girls are affected equally by molluscum contagiosum. In adulthood, molluscum contagiosum is more prevalent in men than women . There is no racial predilection to molluscum contagiosum.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence
- Worldwide, the prevalence of molluscum contagiosum in children aged 0-16 year ranges from 5000 to 11500 per 100,000 persons with an average prevalence of 8000 per 100,000 persons.[1]
Incidence
- Worldwide, the incidence of molluscum contagiosum is 1200-1400 per 100,000 persons per year.[1]
- Outbreaks of molluscum contagiosum have occurred in different settings like swimming pools, but the exact information about outbreaks is not available due to the subclinical manifestations leading to under reporting.
Case Fatality Rate
- Data on the case fatality rate of molluscum contagiosum is not available. Molluscum contagiosum only can lead to fatality in immunocompromised adults, which may be associated with other opportunistic infections and thus the fatality rate is difficult to determine.[2][3]
Age
- The prevalence of molluscum contagiosum decreases with age.[4][1][5]
- Incidence first peaks in preschool/school-aged children, with the greatest incidence being in those aged 1-4 years.[6]
- If diagnosed in adults, molluscum contagiosum will most commonly be seen in the 18 to 20 year age group.[7]
Gender
- Among children, boys and girls are affected equally by molluscum contagiosum.
- In adulthood, molluscum contagiosum is more prevalent in men than in women .
- The male to female ratio is approximately 3 to 1 [8]. A high proportion of the studied subjects were HIV-positive adults.[9][10]
Race
- There is no racial predilection to molluscum contagiosum.[11]
Geographic Distribution
- There are no geographic predispositions to molluscum contagiosum.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Olsen JR, Gallacher J, Piguet V, Francis NA (2014). "Epidemiology of molluscum contagiosum in children: a systematic review". Fam Pract. 31 (2): 130–6. doi:10.1093/fampra/cmt075. PMID 24297468.
- ↑ Calista D, Boschini A, Landi G (1999). "Resolution of disseminated molluscum contagiosum with Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) in patients with AIDS". Eur J Dermatol. 9 (3): 211–3. PMID 10210787.
- ↑ Koopman RJ, van Merriënboer FC, Vreden SG, Dolmans WM (1992). "Molluscum contagiosum; a marker for advanced HIV infection". Br. J. Dermatol. 126 (5): 528–9. PMID 1610701.
- ↑ Leung AK, Barankin B, Hon KL (2017). "Molluscum contagiosum: an update". Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov. doi:10.2174/1872213X11666170518114456. PMID 28521677.
- ↑ Dohil MA, Lin P, Lee J, Lucky AW, Paller AS, Eichenfield LF (2006). "The epidemiology of molluscum contagiosum in children". J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 54 (1): 47–54. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2005.08.035. PMID 16384754.
- ↑ Kalasannavar SB, Sawalgimath MP (2013). "Molluscum contagiosum: A novel Ayurvedic approach". Anc Sci Life. 33 (1): 49–51. doi:10.4103/0257-7941.134606. PMC 4140023. PMID 25161331.
- ↑ Laxmisha C, Thappa DM, Jaisankar TJ (2003). "Clinical profile of molluscum contagiosum in children versus adults". Dermatol. Online J. 9 (5): 1. PMID 14996374.
- ↑ "Sexually transmitted diseases. Extract from the annual report of the Chief Medical Officer of the Department of Health and Social Security of the year 1980". Br J Vener Dis. 59 (2): 134–7. 1983. PMC 1046157. PMID 6687557.
- ↑ Overfield TM, Brody JA (1966). "An epidemiologic study of molluscum contagiosum in Anchorage, Alaska". J. Pediatr. 69 (4): 640–2. PMID 5921341.
- ↑ Gottlieb SL, Myskowski PL (1994). "Molluscum contagiosum". Int. J. Dermatol. 33 (7): 453–61. PMID 7928025.
- ↑ Konya J, Thompson CH (1999). "Molluscum contagiosum virus: antibody responses in persons with clinical lesions and seroepidemiology in a representative Australian population". J. Infect. Dis. 179 (3): 701–4. doi:10.1086/314620. PMID 9952381.