Microscopic polyangiitis: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
'''Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) ''' is an ill-defined [[autoimmune disease]] characterized by pauci-immune, necrotizing, small-vessel [[vasculitis]] without clinical or pathological evidence of necrotizing granulomatous [[inflammation]]. Because many different organ systems may be involved, a wide range of symptoms are possible in MPA. | '''Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) ''' is an ill-defined [[autoimmune disease]] characterized by pauci-immune, necrotizing, small-vessel [[vasculitis]] without clinical or pathological evidence of necrotizing granulomatous [[inflammation]]. Because many different organ systems may be involved, a wide range of symptoms are possible in MPA. | ||
==Cause== | |||
This condition, the clinical picture of which may include many features of systemic lupus erythematosis, has been reported to have been caused by [[antibiotics]] and also by certain [[infection]]s, though, as with many autoimmune diseases, the causes remain to a large extent unknown. | |||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Laboratory tests show an increased sedimentation rate, reduced red blood count, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (p-ANCA) directed against [MPO(a constituent of [[neutrophil]] granules), and [[protein]] and red blood cells in the [[urine]]. | Laboratory tests show an increased sedimentation rate, reduced red blood count, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (p-ANCA) directed against [MPO(a constituent of [[neutrophil]] granules), and [[protein]] and red blood cells in the [[urine]]. | ||
The test for [[anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody]] (GBM), which is positive in [[Goodpasture's syndrome]], is negative. | The test for [[anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody]] (GBM), which is positive in [[Goodpasture's syndrome]], is negative. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
The customary treatment involves long term dosage of [[prednisone]], alternated or combined with [[cytotoxic]] drugs, such as [[cyclophosphamide]] or [[azathioprine]]. [[Plasmapheresis]] may also be indicated in the acute setting to remove ANCA antibodies. | The customary treatment involves long term dosage of [[prednisone]], alternated or combined with [[cytotoxic]] drugs, such as [[cyclophosphamide]] or [[azathioprine]]. [[Plasmapheresis]] may also be indicated in the acute setting to remove ANCA antibodies. | ||
== | ==Related Chapters== | ||
* [[ANCA-associated vasculitides]] | * [[ANCA-associated vasculitides]] | ||
*[[Polyarteritis nodosa]] | *[[Polyarteritis nodosa]] | ||
{{Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue}} | {{Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue}} | ||
[[Category:Rheumatology]] | [[Category:Rheumatology]] |
Revision as of 17:57, 2 November 2012
Microscopic polyangiitis | |
ICD-10 | M31.7 |
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DiseasesDB | 8193 |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]
Synonyms and keywords: MPA
Overview
Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is an ill-defined autoimmune disease characterized by pauci-immune, necrotizing, small-vessel vasculitis without clinical or pathological evidence of necrotizing granulomatous inflammation. Because many different organ systems may be involved, a wide range of symptoms are possible in MPA.
Cause
This condition, the clinical picture of which may include many features of systemic lupus erythematosis, has been reported to have been caused by antibiotics and also by certain infections, though, as with many autoimmune diseases, the causes remain to a large extent unknown.
Diagnosis
Laboratory tests show an increased sedimentation rate, reduced red blood count, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (p-ANCA) directed against [MPO(a constituent of neutrophil granules), and protein and red blood cells in the urine.
The test for anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody (GBM), which is positive in Goodpasture's syndrome, is negative.
Treatment
The customary treatment involves long term dosage of prednisone, alternated or combined with cytotoxic drugs, such as cyclophosphamide or azathioprine. Plasmapheresis may also be indicated in the acute setting to remove ANCA antibodies.
Related Chapters
Template:Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue de:Mikroskopische Polyangiitis nl:Microscopische polyangiitis