Menopause physical examination
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Rahmah Al-Edresi, M.D.[2]
Overview
Women with menopause are usually well-appearing. Common physical examination of women with menopause include elevated blood pressure, hot flushes, weight gain, change of breast size, vaginal atrophy, external genital organs become thinner. In premature menopause, Signs of Turner syndrome, and Signs of Fragil X syndrome.
Physical Examination
General Appearance:
Women with natural menopause usually well appearing.
Vital Signs:.
- Elevated blood pressure may be noted in women with menopause[1]
- Other vital signs ( heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature) are normal.
Face Sign:
Genital Signs:[2]
- Pale and dryness of the vagina
- Vaginal atrophy
- The external genital organs are thin
Premature menopause signs:[3]
- Signs of Turner syndrome: such as short stature, webbed neck, and arched palate.
- Signs of Fragil X syndrome: such as dementia, intellectual disability, ataxia or tremor.
- Signs of Thyroid disorder: such as Goiter, weight gain.[4]
- skin pigmentation: such as Vitiligo, hyperpigmentation.
Other sign:[5]
- Change breast size.
- weight gain
- Dry skin
References
- ↑ Maas AH, Franke HR (2009). "Women's health in menopause with a focus on hypertension". Neth Heart J. 17 (2): 68–72. doi:10.1007/BF03086220. PMC 2644382. PMID 19247469.
- ↑ Cagnacci A, Xholli A, Sclauzero M, Venier M, Palma F, Gambacciani M; et al. (2019). "Vaginal atrophy across the menopausal age: results from the ANGEL study". Climacteric. 22 (1): 85–89. doi:10.1080/13697137.2018.1529748. PMID 30601037.
- ↑ Nelson LM (2009). "Clinical practice. Primary ovarian insufficiency". N Engl J Med. 360 (6): 606–14. PMC 2762081.
- ↑ del Ghianda S, Tonacchera M, Vitti P (2014). "Thyroid and menopause". Climacteric. 17 (3): 225–34. doi:10.3109/13697137.2013.838554. PMID 23998691.
- ↑ den Tonkelaar I, Peeters PH, van Noord PA (2004). "Increase in breast size after menopause: prevalence and determinants". Maturitas. 48 (1): 51–7. doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2003.10.002. PMID 15223108.