Meningitis: Difference between revisions
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==[[Meningitis causes|Causes]]== | ==[[Meningitis causes|Causes]]== | ||
==[[Meningitis differential diagnosis|Differentiating Meningitis from other Diseases]]== | ==[[Meningitis differential diagnosis|Differentiating Meningitis from other Diseases]]== | ||
*Brain abcess - Brain abcess is a focal infection of the brain parenchyma commonly caused by bacteria, fungal and parasitic pathogens. Imaging and neurosurgical aspiration is required for is differentiation in addition to CSF profile. | |||
*Encepahlitis - Encephatlitis is the inflammation of brain. Meningitis can itself cause encephalitis and is called meningoencephalitis. The symptoms appear gradually in encephalitis but occur abruptly in meningitis. | |||
*Delirium tremens - Delirium tremens and alcohol withdrawal should be differentiated from meningitis especially when present with confusion and fever. Both the conditions can coexist. | |||
*Brain tumour - Brain tumours can simulate purulent meningitis with symptoms fever, signs of meningeal irritation and markrd CSF pleocytosis. Irritation of leptomeninges by tumour and its breakdown products causes these symptoms<ref name="pmid1278192">{{cite journal |author=Soffer D |title=Brain tumors simulating purulent meningitis |journal=Eur. Neurol. |volume=14 |issue=3 |pages=192–7 |year=1976 |pmid=1278192 |doi= |url=}}</ref>. Determination of creatine kinase BB and carcinoembryonic antigen helps in differentiating.<ref name="pmid3883130">{{cite journal |author=Terheggen HG |title=[CNS tumors with the clinical picture of meningitis] |language=German |journal=Monatsschr Kinderheilkd |volume=133 |issue=1 |pages=13–9 |year=1985 |month=January |pmid=3883130 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
==[[Meningitis epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]== | ==[[Meningitis epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]== | ||
Revision as of 03:22, 1 September 2012
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Meningitis Main Page |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2], Prashanth Saddala M.B.B.S
Synonyms and keywords: Leptomeningitis
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Based on time course and CSF profile meningitis is classified into[1]:
- Acute septic and aseptic meningitis
- Recurrent meningitis
- Chronic meningitis
Meningitis can also be classified based on the cause :
- Bacterial meningitis
- Viral meningitis
- Fungal meningitis
- Parasitic meningitis
- Non infectious meningitis
Pathophysiology
Causes
==Differentiating Meningitis from other Diseases==
- Brain abcess - Brain abcess is a focal infection of the brain parenchyma commonly caused by bacteria, fungal and parasitic pathogens. Imaging and neurosurgical aspiration is required for is differentiation in addition to CSF profile.
- Encepahlitis - Encephatlitis is the inflammation of brain. Meningitis can itself cause encephalitis and is called meningoencephalitis. The symptoms appear gradually in encephalitis but occur abruptly in meningitis.
- Delirium tremens - Delirium tremens and alcohol withdrawal should be differentiated from meningitis especially when present with confusion and fever. Both the conditions can coexist.
- Brain tumour - Brain tumours can simulate purulent meningitis with symptoms fever, signs of meningeal irritation and markrd CSF pleocytosis. Irritation of leptomeninges by tumour and its breakdown products causes these symptoms[2]. Determination of creatine kinase BB and carcinoembryonic antigen helps in differentiating.[3]
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | CT | Lumbar Puncture | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Related chapters
Template:Diseases of the nervous system
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- ↑ Coyle PK (1999). "Overview of acute and chronic meningitis". Neurol Clin. 17 (4): 691–710. PMID 10517924. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Soffer D (1976). "Brain tumors simulating purulent meningitis". Eur. Neurol. 14 (3): 192–7. PMID 1278192.
- ↑ Terheggen HG (1985). "[CNS tumors with the clinical picture of meningitis]". Monatsschr Kinderheilkd (in German). 133 (1): 13–9. PMID 3883130. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)